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Understanding Gas Turbines: Operation, Brayton Cycle, and Pros Cons

Explore the working principles of gas turbines, including the Brayton cycle, advantages such as power-to-weight ratio, and disadvantages like complexities and efficiency. Learn how gas turbines differ from reciprocating engines.

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Understanding Gas Turbines: Operation, Brayton Cycle, and Pros Cons

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  1. Gas Turbines Prof R.M. Dahekar Mechanical Department

  2. How they work • Energy is added to the gas stream • Combustion increases the temperature, velocity, and volume of the gas flow • Turbine rotates, powering the compressor • Energy is then extracted in the form of shaft power, compressed air and thrust

  3. Brayton Cycle • Gas turbines are described thermodynamically by the Brayton cycle • In this cycle: • air is compressed isentropically • combustion occurs at constant pressure • heated air expands through the turbine • heat is rejected into the atmosphere

  4. Advantages of gas turbine engines • Very high power-to-weight ratio • More size efficient • Moves in one direction only, with fewer moving parts • Low operating pressures • High operation speeds • Low lubricating oil cost and consumption

  5. Disadvantages of gas turbine engines • More expensive compared to a similar-sized reciprocating engine • More complex machining operations • Usually less efficient than reciprocating engines, especially at idle • Delayed response to changes in power settings

  6. Questions?

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