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The Evolution of Presidential Power: Constitutional Analysis

Explore the growth of presidential power during the 20th century and its consequences. Learn about implied powers, executive agreements, executive orders, and more.

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The Evolution of Presidential Power: Constitutional Analysis

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  1. Constitutional Analysis What is the Presidency and why is it there? Read Article 2 of the Constitution. Identify the powers of a president that are NOT listed in the constitution. Under the US Constitution, a president must be; • A natural-born US citizen • At least 35 years old • A US resident for at least 14 years

  2. Enquiry Question: How has the power of the president evolved?

  3. Learning Objectives • To describe how presidential power has grown during the 20th century • To explain the reasons for this • To analyse the consequences of this

  4. How much political muscle does the president have? YOUR TASK: • Watch the video clip. • This video looks at those NOT found in the Constitution - implied or inherent powers. • We’ll talk about how the president uses his or her power to negotiate executive agreements, recommend legislative initiatives, instate executive orders, impound funds, and claim executive privilege in order to get things done. • Implied powers are kind of tough to tack down, as they aren’t really powers until they’re asserted, but once the they are, most subsequent presidents chose not to give them up. • So we’ll try to cover those we’ve seen so far and talk a little bit about reactions to these sometimes controversial actions from the other branches of Congress.  Refer to Handout: Guide to Presidential Powers to help you.

  5. How has the power of the president evolved? • Questions: • How did the 12th amendment change the powers of the president? • How did the 25th amendment change the powers of the president? • How did the following presidents change presidential power? • Andrew Jackson • Abraham Lincoln • Theodore Roosevelt • Woodrow Wilson YOUR TASK: Read the article “The Evolution of the Presidency” (http://www.ushistory.org/gov/7b.asp)

  6. Learning Objectives • To describe how presidential power has grown during the 20th century • To explain the reasons for this • To analyse the consequences of this

  7. 10 Reasons for the Growth of Presidential Power https://www.harding.edu/howard/presgrowth.html

  8. Learning Objectives • To describe how presidential power has grown during the 20th century • To explain the reasons for this • To analyse the consequences of this

  9. How does this evolution affect the powers the president has today? Article: Power and the Presidency, From Kennedy to Obama For the past 50 years, the commander in chief has steadily expanded presidential power, particularly in foreign policy

  10. Learning Objectives • To describe how presidential power has grown during the 20th century • To explain the reasons for this • To analyse the consequences of this

  11. Definition Board Splat! ineligibility clause twenty-third amendment: war powers resolution strict constructionism Enumerated Powers Act senatorial courtesy state of emergency unitary executive theory inherent powers habeas corpus delegated powers insurrection act of 1807 unitary system executive privilege executive order executive agreement presidential memoranda presidential determination

  12. Homework Application Task: N/A Flipped Learning Preparation Task: Informal Sources of Presidential Power and their use (Pearson p365-367) The Imperial Presidency (Pearson p378-380) Limitations on presidential power and why this varies (Pearson p375-377) Stretch & Challenge Task Article: Theodore Roosevelt: Impact & Legacy (Miller Center) Article: Andrew Jackson: Impact & Legacy (Miller Center)

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