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Hypotheses and operationalisation

Hypotheses and operationalisation. By Mr Daniel Hansson. Operationalisation. The process of making a concept measurable. Questions, operationalisation. 1. How could you make intelligence measurable? 2. How could you make aggression measurable?. Experimental hypothesis.

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Hypotheses and operationalisation

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  1. Hypotheses and operationalisation By Mr Daniel Hansson

  2. Operationalisation • The process of making a concept measurable

  3. Questions, operationalisation 1. How could you make intelligence measurable? 2. How could you make aggression measurable?

  4. Experimental hypothesis • Predicts differences in the measure of the dependent variable between the various conditions of the independent variable • 2-tailed hypothesis: Only predict a difference • 1-tailed hypothesis: Predict a particular direction in the difference (i.e. One group/condition will have a higher or lower score)

  5. Two tailed hypothesis • (Two tailed) There will be a difference in [the D.V.] between [condition A of the I.V.] and [condition B of the I.V.] • (Two-tailed) There will be a difference in I.Q. Scores between male subjects and female subjects

  6. Question, two tailed hypothesis • Construct a two-tailed hypothesis for Kolb’s (1999) experiment on the effect of deprived or stimulating environments on the growth of neurons in rats

  7. One-tailed hypothesis • (One-tailed) There will be a decrease/increase in [the DV] in [condition A of the IV] compared to [condition B of the IV] • (One-tailed) There will be an increase in I.Q. Scores in female subjects than in male subjects.

  8. Question, one tailed hypothesis • Construct a one-tailed hypothesis for Bandura’s bobo doll experiment

  9. Null hypothesis • To be scientific every experimental hypothesis must be capable of being proven to be wrong. For this reason a null hypothesis is always proposed along with the experimental hypothesis • The null hypothesis states that there will be no significant difference between conditions/groups

  10. Example, null hypotheses (Two tailed) There will be no difference in I.Q. scores between male subjects and female subjects. (One tailed) There will be no increase/decrease in I.Q. scores between male subjects and female subjects.

  11. Question, null hypothesis • Construct null hypotheses for the Kolb and Bandura studies.

  12. Accepting/rejecting null and experimental hypothesis • If there is a significant difference between the conditions/groups, the experimental hypothesis is accepted and the null hypothesis is rejected • If there is no significant difference between conditions/groups, the experimental hypothesis is rejected and the null hypothesis is accepted

  13. Questions, one-tailed, two-tailed and null hypotheses • Based on the result of the Bandura study, do you think we should reject or accept our experimental hypothesis? • Some studies have failed to find an effect of antidepressants on mood compared to placebo groups. For these studies, should the null hypothesis be rejected or accepted?

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