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Today: Nutrition and Digestion Next Week: Circulation, Respiration, and Reproduction

Today: Nutrition and Digestion Next Week: Circulation, Respiration, and Reproduction. During digestion complex molecules are broken down and then used to build needed molecules and to produce energy. Food Pyramid based on 2,000 calories/day. Federal Food Subsidies vs Food Pyramid.

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Today: Nutrition and Digestion Next Week: Circulation, Respiration, and Reproduction

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  1. Today: Nutrition and Digestion Next Week: Circulation, Respiration,and Reproduction

  2. During digestion complex molecules are broken down and then used to build needed molecules and to produce energy

  3. Food Pyramid based on 2,000 calories/day

  4. Federal Food Subsidies vs Food Pyramid http://www.pcrm.org/magazine/gm07autumn/health_pork.html

  5. Protein needed per day = 0.8g/kg of body weight So a 150 lb person needs 54 g or 2 oz of protein/day

  6. CB5.17 20 amino acids

  7. CB 41.10 8 Essential Amino Acids

  8. Many cultures combine these foods in their traditional diets: beans and rice, beans and corn, peanut butter on bread, soy and rice, lentils and bread or rice CB 41.10

  9. The Calorie Restriction Society for people trying to live longer by eating fewer calories http://youtube.com/watch?v=YTQR7o9ap9Y

  10. Regulation of Drosophila Life Span by Olfaction and Food-Derived Odors S Libert, J Zwiener, X Chu, W VanVoorhies, G Roman, S PletcherScience Vol. 315:1133 - 113723 February 2007

  11. Smelling food reduces life span in CR flies Normal Diet Flies Calorie Restricted Flies Fig 1

  12. Flies with a poor sense of smell live longerOr83b is a gene involved in the fly’s sense of smell Fig 2A

  13. Flies lacking the Or83b gene are resistant to starvation Fig 4B

  14. Smelling food reduces life span in CR flies Normal Diet Flies Calorie Restricted Flies Fig 1

  15. Calorie Restriction related websites: http://www.calorierestriction.org/ http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/12/30/eveningnews/main1172297.shtml http://stke.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/sci;315/5815/1133 http://stke.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/sci;315/5812/584

  16. Cause-Specific Excess Deaths Associated with Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity Flegal KM et al JAMA, November 7, 2007—Vol 298, No. 17 pg 2028-37 Overweight (BMI 25-30) people live longer than normal (BMI 18.5-25), underweight (BMI<18.5), or obese (BMI>30) people JAMA, November 7, 2007—Vol 298, No. 17 pg 2028-37

  17. Overweight people live longer than normal, underweight, or obese people for all causes of death CVD= cardiovascular disease JAMA, November 7, 2007—Vol 298, No. 17 pg 2028-37

  18. JAMA, November 7, 2007 Vol 298: 2028-37

  19. The Digestive System CB 41.15

  20. light Photosynthesis CO2 + H2O C6H1206 + O2 sugar Cellular Respiration CO2 + H2O C6H1206 + O2 sugar energy ADP ATP

  21. Cells store energy in ATP Energy released Energy used

  22. Using ATP

  23. Complex molecules are broken down and then used to build needed molecules and to produce energy

  24. Animals take in complex molecules from the environment for energy production

  25. Animal digestion occurs outside of our cells.

  26. animal and fungal digestion occurs outside of our cells.

  27. Physical digestion: liquefying of food Chemical digestion: breaking large molecules into small molecules CB 41.21

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