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Muscles

Muscles . what they’re made of and how they work. Muscle types. There are over 350 muscles in out bodies. There are 3 main types: -Voluntary – attached to bones by tendons and need thought and will to move. They are quick and powerful but tire easily. Muscle types continued.

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Muscles

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  1. Muscles what they’re made of and how they work

  2. Muscle types • There are over 350 muscles in out bodies. • There are 3 main types: • -Voluntary – attached to bones by tendons and need thought and will to move. They are quick and powerful but tire easily.

  3. Muscle types continued • Involuntary- move food, blood and urine around your body. You cannot control them. They work slowly and do not tire out. • Cardiac – Never gets tired and is very powerful. It is only found in the heart. It contracts by itself although some hormones can speed it up.

  4. How do muscles work?(we are just looking at voluntary muscles) • Muscles work in pairs to pull bones and move joints. • When one of the muscles in the pair contracts (flexes / shortens), the other muscle relaxes (extends / lengthens). • They are called an antagonistic pair. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3fKWVkgSqo&feature=related

  5. How muscles work continued… • Muscles are tied to bones by tendons. • When the muscles contract, they pull on the tendon which moves the bones. This requires energy. • The muscles get this energy by carrying out respiration. Oxygen + glucose-> energy + carbon dioxide + water.

  6. Common muscle pairings • The thigh (quadriceps) works opposite the __________ to bend and straighten the ________. • The _______ muscle works with the shin muscles to move the f_____ . It is attached to the heel bone by the Achilles' ____________.

  7. More muscle pairings • The bicep and _________ work together to bend and straighten the _______. • The shoulder pairs up with the p___________ muscle to move the shoulder around. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RsWNyqnHQ2I&NR=1

  8. Activity • 1. Point your toes upwards (push your heel down). What two muscles are being used? Which is flexing (contracting)? Which is extending (lengthening)? • 2. Tippy toe. What is happening now? • 3. Put your finger tips onto the edge of the desk and push down. What muscles are contracting? Which are relaxing? • Now put your hands under the table and push up. Which are flexing? Which are relaxing/lengthening?

  9. Hand game. • Draw up the table below. • Open your hand up as wide as you can and close it into a fist. This is one hand clamp. • When the stop watch starts, count how many full hand clamps you can do in the first 20 seconds and second 20 and so on. Go as fast as you can. Keep going until the table is full. Do not give up. • How does this feel? What happens to the number of hand clamps over time? Discuss what needs the muscles have and what is occuring.

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