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Intro to Motion

Intro to Motion. What is Motion?. Motion : A change in position of an object compared to a reference point Motion involves all of the following: You fill in the blank!. Event that involves a change in the position or location of something. . Definition of Motion. Motion is Relative.

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Intro to Motion

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  1. Intro to Motion

  2. What is Motion? Motion: A change in position of an object compared to a reference point Motion involves all of the following: You fill in the blank!

  3. Event that involves a change in the position or location of something. Definition of Motion

  4. Motion is Relative • Relative – it is described or compared to a REFERENCE POINT http://www.classzone.com/books/ml_science_share/vis_sim/mfm05_pg7_relmotion/mfm05_pg7_relmotion.html • http://www.amnh.org/education/resources/card_frame.php?rid=937&rurlid=894 • Example: Are you moving at this moment? If yes, then how are you moving? • How does your movement look to another person? (Can they tell you are moving?)

  5. Fgjflgjkfdlgjflgjkdflg vxcvxcbcvbcvbcj Displacement vs Distance • Displacement - the distance and direction of an object’s change in position from its starting point • Distance – how far something moves

  6. Displacement vs Distance • Displacement - the distance and direction of an object’s change in position from its starting point • Distance – how far something moves • http://www.absorblearning.com/media/item.action?quick=4n#

  7. What is the Displacement? • Problem - A physics teacher walks 4 meters east, 2 meters south, 4 meters west, and 2 meters north. • What is the total displacement of the teacher? • What is the total distanced walked by the teacher?

  8. And the answer is... • Displacement = 0 m- The teacher has returned to the starting point. • Distance = 12 meters • The distance is 12 meters but the displacement is zero. The teacher has “covered 12 meters on the ground”, yet when he is finished walking, he is not walking out of place.

  9. Types of Motion • Uniform motion - constant speed in a straight line • Accelerated motion – motion that is changing in speed or direction • Circular motion - speed is constant but the direction of motion is changing continuously

  10. What is Motion? Speed = distance time

  11. SpeedTypes of Speed • Average Speed • Instantaneous Speed • Constant Speed

  12. SpeedAverage Speed • Comparison of time and distance • Distance traveled per unit time • Distance is referring to "how much ground an object has covered" during the time it was in motion. • S = d / t • T = d / s • D = s x t

  13. SpeedInstantaneous Speed • Speed at any instant

  14. SpeedConstant Speed • Speed that does not change • Instantaneous speed that does not change • Example: After setting cruise control on a car, your speed at any point will be the same until you turn off the cruise control.

  15. What is Motion?

  16. Velocity • Speed AND direction -- Velocity must include a speed and a direction. Displacement is "how far out of place an object is because of its motion”. Displacement is the object's change in position.

  17. What is Motion? • Acceleration = Vfinal – Vinitial • Time or • Acceleration = ∆Velocity • Time

  18. Acceleration"the rate at which an object changes its velocity." An object is accelerating if it is changing its velocity.

  19. Acceleration • A change in velocity • Speeding up • Positive acceleration • Slowing down • Negative acceleration • Deceleration • Changing direction

  20. The Direction of Acceleration Acceleration will always have a direction associated with it. The direction of acceleration depends on two things: • whether the object is speeding up or slowing down • whether the object is moving in the + or - direction

  21. Circular Motion: Continuous Acceleration An object traveling in a circular motion is always changing its direction. Therefore, its velocity is always changing, so it is accelerating. This is known as centripetal acceleration.

  22. 200m/40s = 5 m/s 2 km/1000s = 0.002 km/s or 2 m/s 100 m/10 m/s = 10s 50 m/s x 20s = 1000 m 20,000 m/ 40 m/s = 500 s

  23. 10m/20s = 0.5 m/s 40 m 40m/40s = 1m/s 25m/10s = 2.5 m/s Steepest line

  24. 10m/s 2/ 5 s = 2 m/s 10m/s2 x 12s = 120 m/s 10m/s/ 2m/s = 5 s 4000m/s /2s = 2000m/s2

  25. 40m/s x 10s = 4 m/s2 20m/s x 10s = 2 m/s2 60m/s x 20s = 3 m/s2 4dfdsfsdfsdfsafsdfdsfsfsfdsffsdfsdfsdfsdfsdfsdfsfdsfsfasdfs

  26. Motion Graphs Time – Distance Graphs

  27. Motion Graph # 1Straight, Flat Line • As time passes, there is no change in distance; no motion

  28. Motion Graph # 2Straight, Increasing Line • As time passes, distance increases • The change in distance is constant – no stopping & starting

  29. Motion Graph # 3Straight, Decreasing Line • As time passes, distance decreases • The change in distance is constant

  30. Motion Graph # 4Changing Line • A changing line means changing distance • Distance increases  then doesn’t change  then decreases

  31. Representing Motion in Graphs Distance – Time Velocity - Time

  32. Describing a Distance - Time Graph

  33. Describing a Velocity - Time Graph

  34. Speed, Distance, Time Formulas

  35. Calculating SpeedGiven Distance & Time Divide Distance by Time Distance ÷ Time = Speed Speed = Distance ÷ Time Divide Distance by Time Distance ÷ Time = Speed Speed = Distance ÷ Time

  36. Calculating DistanceGiven Speed & Time Multiply Speed and Time Distance = Speed X Time Speed X Time = Distance

  37. Calculating TimeGiven Distance and Speed Divide Distance by Speed Distance ÷ Speed = Time Time = Distance ÷ Speed

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