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Invertebrate Comparison

Explore the diverse anatomy of invertebrates, comparing germ layers, symmetry, coelom presence, cephalization, and early development stages. From sponges to sea stars, understand major characteristics through detailed comparison tables.

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Invertebrate Comparison

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  1. Invertebrate Comparison

  2. Terminology • Germ layer • Symmetry • Open and Closed Systems • Coelom • Cephalization • Protosome • Deuterosome • Blastopore

  3. Compare/Contrast Table Section 29-1 Comparing Invertebrates Major Characteristics Germ Layers BodySymmetry Cephalization Coelom Early Development Sponges Absent Absent Absent Absent — Cnidarians Two Radial Absent Absent — Flatworms Three Bilateral Present Absent Protostome Roundworms Three Bilateral Present Pseudocoelom Protostome

  4.  The Anatomy of a Sponge Section 26-2 Water flow Osculum Choanocyte Central cavity Pores Spicule Pore cell Pore Epidermal cell Archaeocyte

  5. Compare/Contrast Table Section 29-1 Comparing Invertebrates Major Characteristics Germ Layers BodySymmetry Cephalization Coelom Early Development Sponges Absent Absent Absent Absent — Cnidarians Two Radial Absent Absent — Flatworms Three Bilateral Present Absent Protostome Roundworms Three Bilateral Present Pseudocoelom Protostome

  6.  The Polyp and Medusa Stages Tentacles Mesoglea Gastrovascular cavity Mouth/anus Mouth/anus Gastrovascularcavity Tentacles Section 26-3 Epidermis Mesoglea Gastroderm Medusa Polyp

  7. Compare/Contrast Table Section 29-1 Comparing Invertebrates Major Characteristics Germ Layers BodySymmetry Cephalization Coelom Early Development Sponges Absent Absent Absent Absent — Cnidarians Two Radial Absent Absent — Flatworms Three Bilateral Present Absent Protostome Roundworms Three Bilateral Present Pseudocoelom Protostome

  8.  The Anatomy of a Flatworm Section 27-1 Eyespot Freshwater flatworms have simple ganglia and nerve cords that run the length of the body. The excretory system consists of a network of tubules connected to flame cells that remove excess water and cell wastes. Ganglia Head Nervecords Gastrovascularcavity Flatworms use a pharynx to suck food into the gastrovascular cavity. Digested food diffuses from the cavity into other cells of the body. Eyespots in somespecies detect light. Excretorysystem Ovary Testes Mouth Pharynx Most flatworms are hermaphrodites, having male reproductive organs (testes) and female reproductive organs (ovaries) in the same organism. Flame cell Excretorytubule

  9. Compare/Contrast Table Section 29-1 Comparing Invertebrates Major Characteristics Germ Layers BodySymmetry Cephalization Coelom Early Development Annelids Three Bilateral Present True coelom Protostome Mollusks Three Bilateral Present True coelom Protostome Arthropods Three Bilateral Present True coelom Protostome Echinoderms Three Radial (adults) Absent (adults) True coelom Deuterostome

  10.  The Anatomy of an Earthworm Anus Setae Body segments Dorsalblood vessel Gizzard Crop Clitellum Mouth Brain Ganglion Circular muscle Ventralblood vessel Ringvessels Reproductiveorgans Ganglia Nephridia Longitudinalmuscle Section 27-3

  11. Compare/Contrast Table Section 29-1 Comparing Invertebrates Major Characteristics Germ Layers BodySymmetry Cephalization Coelom Early Development Annelids Three Bilateral Present True coelom Protostome Mollusks Three Bilateral Present True coelom Protostome Arthropods Three Bilateral Present True coelom Protostome Echinoderms Three Radial (adults) Absent (adults) True coelom Deuterostome

  12.  The Mollusk Body Plan Section 27-4 Squid Snail Shell Mantle cavity Foot Gills Digestive tract Clam Earlymollusk

  13. Compare/Contrast Table Section 29-1 Comparing Invertebrates Major Characteristics Germ Layers BodySymmetry Cephalization Coelom Early Development Annelids Three Bilateral Present True coelom Protostome Mollusks Three Bilateral Present True coelom Protostome Arthropods Three Bilateral Present True coelom Protostome Echinoderms Three Radial (adults) Absent (adults) True coelom Deuterostome

  14.  The Anatomy of a Grasshopper Compound eye Brain Digestivetract Malpighian tubules Antennae Heart Reproductive organs Mouth Salivaryglands Legs Anus Ganglia Spiracles Trachealtubes Nervecord Section 28-1 Ventral View Tracheal tubes Spiracles

  15. Compare/Contrast Table Section 29-1 Comparing Invertebrates Major Characteristics Germ Layers BodySymmetry Cephalization Coelom Early Development Annelids Three Bilateral Present True coelom Protostome Mollusks Three Bilateral Present True coelom Protostome Arthropods Three Bilateral Present True coelom Protostome Echinoderms Three Radial (adults) Absent (adults) True coelom Deuterostome

  16.  The Anatomy of a Sea Star Eyespot Endoskeletal plates Anus Stomach Digestive glands Ring canal Radial canal Madreporite Reproductive glands Tube foot Sucker Section 28-4

  17. Invertebrate Cladogram Section 29-1 Chordates Echinoderms Arthropods Annelids Mollusks RadialSymmetry Roundworms Flatworms Pseudocoelom Deuterostome Development Cnidarians RadialSymmetry Coelom Protostome Development Sponges Three Germ Layers;Bilateral Symmetry Tissues Multicellularity Single-celled ancestor

  18. Types of Invertebrate Skeletons Section 29-2 Type of Skeleton Hydrostatic Exoskeleton Endoskeleton Sponges Simple (spicules or spongin) Cnidarians X Flatworms X Roundworms X

  19. Types of Invertebrate Skeletons continued Section 29-2 Type of Skeleton Hydrostatic Exoskeleton Endoskeleton Annelids X Mollusks Some Some(shells) Arthropods X Echinoderms X

  20.  Invertebrate Digestive Systems Section 29-2 Intestine Gizzard Crop Mouth/anus Pharynx Mouth Gastrovascularcavity Annelid Anus Gastrovascularcavity Cnidarian Arthropod Crop Pharynx Anus Pharynx Mouth Rectum Mouth/anus Stomachanddigestive glands Flatworm Intestine

  21. Invertebrate Respiratory Systems Section 29-2 Trachealtubes Gill Siphons Movement of water Spiracles Insect Mollusk Airflow Booklung Spider

  22. Invertebrate Circulatory Systems Section 29-2 Heartlike structure Hearts Small vessels in tissues Heart Bloodvessels Sinusesand organs Bloodvessels Heartlikestructures Insect:Open Circulatory System Annelid:Closed Circulatory System

  23. Invertebrate Excretory Systems Section 29-2 Flamecells Flatworm Excretorytubules Nephrostome Excretory pore Flame cell Excretory tubule Nephridia Digestive tract Annelid Malpighian tubules Arthropod

  24. Invertebrate Nervous Systems Section 29-2 Arthropod Brain Ganglia Ganglia Brain Nerve Cells Flatworm Cnidarian Mollusk

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