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Electricity

Electricity. Electricity. All matter is made up of positive charges and negative charges. Electricity. The positives have mass and are not usually free to move. Electricity. Negative charges have no mass and are free to move.

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Electricity

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  1. Electricity

  2. Electricity All matter is made up of positive charges and negative charges.

  3. Electricity The positives have mass and are not usually free to move.

  4. Electricity Negative charges have no mass and are free to move. Negative charges move through materials called conductors.

  5. Electricity Good Conductors do Not hold on to their valence electrons well – ex. metals

  6. Electricity _ Negative charges are attracted to positive charges like mice are attracted to cheese. +

  7. Static Electricity • Build up of Electrons creating Electric Charge • Created By: • Friction • Induction • Conduction Until you get…

  8. Static Discharge

  9. Electricity _ Anytime there is a natural attraction between two things you can use it to make the objects do work. The negative charges (mice) will gladly do work in order to get to the positive charges (cheese). +

  10. Electricity _ • Voltage: • The amount of work that each charge (mouse) will do as it goes through the circuit. • the amount of push on the charges or • how hungry the mice are. +

  11. Electricity • Resistance: The opposition to the flow of charge (electrons). Any appliance that asks the charge (mouse) to do work will slow it down. _

  12. Decrease Short wire Thick wire Cooler wire Increase Long wire Thin Wire Warm Wire _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Resistance

  13. _ _ Electricity _ _ • Current: • The number of charges (mice) passing a point per second. The rate of flow of charges. _ _

  14. Electricity _ _ D Battery 1.5 volts & 15 amps _ + _ + + _ _ + + + _ + _ +

  15. Electricity _ AA Battery 1.5 volts & 2.8 amps _ _ + _ _ + + _ + _ + + + _

  16. Electricity This set up has a voltage (desire on the part of the mouse) but no current flows because there is no conductive path. It has the ability to do work but no way to get there. _ +

  17. Series One Path for e- Parallel 2 or more Paths for e- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ + + Circuits

  18. Series One Path for e- Add Resistors thenCurrent Decreases Parallel 2 or more Paths for e- Add Resistors thenCurrent Increases _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ + + Circuits

  19. Series One Path for e- Add Resistors thenCurrent Decreases Cells in SeriesIncrease Voltage Parallel 2 or more Paths for e- Add Resistors thenCurrent Increases Cells in ParallelLonger Battery Life Circuits

  20. _ _ _ + + + Alternating Current _ _ _ + One side of the outlet would change from cheese to cat  60 times a second.  • Electrons move back and forth • Produced by Power Plants + + _ + + _ 120v _ _

  21. + _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Direct Current • Electrons move in one direction • From negative to positive • Produced by Batteries _ _ +

  22. + Electricity _ _ _ The battery goes "dead" when all the negative charges make it through the circuit and get to the positive charges. + _ + + _ _ + + + _ _

  23. Electromagnet • Moving e- produce a magnetic field • More coils / More strength

  24. Electromagnet • Moving e- produce a magnetic field • More coils / More strength • More current / More strength

  25. Generators • Electromagnetic Induction – moving an coil of wire through a magnetic field

  26. Generator Changes Mechanical Energy to Electrical Energy

  27. Motor • AC (alternating current) causes magnetic poles to flip making the armature spin

  28. Motor Changes Electrical Energy To Mechanical Energy

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