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Sequential expression of membrane Ig

Sequential expression of membrane Ig Surrogate light chain consists of 2 proteins: a V-like protein and a C-like protein. B cells undergo negative selection. Negative selection: Clonal deletion of cells that express antibodies against self antigens. Two routes for B cell activation

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Sequential expression of membrane Ig

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  1. Sequential expression of membrane Ig Surrogate light chain consists of 2 proteins: a V-like protein and a C-like protein

  2. B cells undergo negative selection • Negative selection: Clonal deletion of cells that express antibodies against self antigens

  3. Two routes for B cell activation How was this demonstrated? Most antigens are T-dependent

  4. Two distinct signals are required.

  5. B cell receptor (highly conserved)

  6. Initiation of signally pathways for activation

  7. Signalling

  8. Activation events for TD antigens

  9. Act in picomolar amounts hormones

  10. Cytokines • Lymphokines: secreted by lymphocytes • Monokines: secreted by monocytes and macrophages • Interleukins: secreted by leukocytes and act on others • Chemokines: low MW cytokines affecting chemotaxis etc.

  11. One cytokine, many different targets/activities

  12. Induction cascade

  13. Measuring cytokine levels Note mAbs can also be tools for FACS

  14. Hematopoetin family Other families: Interferon, chemokine or TNF families

  15. Cytokine functions in Innate and Adaptive Immunity

  16. For signalling

  17. Loss of  leads to SCID

  18. redundancy

  19. Competetion/antagonism

  20. 3 forms of IL-2R

  21. JAK: Janus Kinase Who is Janus? Signal transducers and Activators of Transcription

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