UAF PI : Richard Wies UAF co-PI : Ron Johnson Industry PI : Peter Crimp, Alaska Energy Authority

1. Effects of Village Power Quality on Fuel Consumption and Operating Expenses/ Village Power System Performance Monitoring:(CY 2006 Annual Review) UAF PI: Richard Wies UAF co-PI: Ron Johnson Industry PI: Peter Crimp, Alaska Energy Authority A project funded by the US DOE National Energy Technology Lab (NETL) through the Arctic Energy Technology & Development Laboratory (AETDL) AEA

2. Village Power Quality and Performance Monitoring (CY 06) • Introduction • Objectives • Project Milestones • Project Highlights • Project Budget • Sample Analysis • Future Work 2

3. Village Power System A stand-alone system with multiple power sources: Diesel Gen, Wind, Hydro, Batteries, and others 3

4. Objectives • Create a consortium of rural utilities: • Alaska rural utilities • Alaska Energy Authority (AEA) • Alaska Village Electric Cooperative (AVEC) • Survey of existing village power monitoring systems • Data collection and management (standardization) • Optimization through data analysis and energy profiling (Hybrid Arctic Remote Power SIMulator): • load profiling • energy efficiency analysis • economic analysis • environmental analysis 4

5. Project Milestones (CY06) 5

6. Project Highlights (1) • Village power system data collection & analysis: • AEA and AVEC: developing a standard system for downloading village power data on a regular schedule and in a convenient format. • Metering Projects: powerhouse electrical data, weather stations, met towers, BTU meters from heat recovery systems, and electrical data from village users such as schools, washeterias, and community buildings. • Kongiganak, Lime Village, Stevens Village, and Wales Village - UAF evaluated data with its hybrid power system analysis tool (HARPSIM) • Kwigillingok and Kongiganak - access to online data (URL: http://www.aidea.org/aea/aearemotemon.html) • Remote monitoring switchgear installed in 16 villages: • Atka Diesel Powerhouse and Hydro Facility, Arctic Village, Chuathbaluk, Crooked Creek, Golovin, Hughes, Kongiganak, Koyukuk, Kwigillingok, Pedro Bay, Manokotak, Nikolski, Sleetmute, Stevens Village, Stony River, and Takotna • 5 more villages by summer 2007: • Buckland, Chefornak, Diomede, Larsen Bay Hydro Facility, and Ouzinkie Diesel Powerhouse and Hydro Facility 6

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9. Project Highlights (2) • Graduate student Ashish Agrawal defended his PhD dissertation entitled “Hybrid Electric Power Systems in Remote Villages: Economic and Environmental Analysis for Monitoring, Optimization and Control” on Monday, July 17, 2006 based on work related to this project. • Presentation on hybrid village power systems at 2006 Alternative Energy Fair at the Chena Hot Springs Geothermal Energy Conference on August 20, 2006. • A one-year extension with additional funds of $71k from DOE for salary and travel was granted on this project to complete the collection and analysis of data from newly installed monitoring systems. • Planning a consortium meeting/workshop for AK rural utilities at AK Rural Energy conference in April 2007. 9

10. Village Load Profiles 10

11. Sample Analysis (1): Kongiganak Kongiganak Village • Location: western shore of Kuskokwim bay, 451 miles west of Anchorage (north latitude 59.96°, west longitude 162.89°). • 90 housing units, 11 vacant, one school attended by 116 students (US 2000 Census). • Marine climate: temp range 6°F - 57°F. • Average annual precipitation: 22 inches • Average annual snowfall: 43 inches • Current Power System: • DEGS: • Diesel #1: 235 kW • Diesel #2: 190 kW • Diesel #3: 190 kW • Diesel #4: 140 kW • One DEG is sufficient to supply the load • Avg: 95 kW • Min: 45 kW • Max: 150 kW • Wind Speed: 7 m/s (15.6 mph) • Test System: • 2-190kW DEGS (one as backup) • 100 kWh absolyte IIP battery bank • 1-65kW AOC 15/50 WTGs • 12 kW PV array • 100kVA bidirectional converter 11

12. Sample Analysis (2) 12

13. Sample Analysis (3) 13

14. Sample Analysis (4) 14

15. Sample Analysis (5) Installation cost for different components for Kongiganak Village 15

16. Sample Analysis: Comparison of Results (6) 16

17. Sample Analysis: Comparison of Results (7) 17

18. Sample Analysis (8) 20-year LCC analysis of the Kongiganak Village hybrid power system using HARPSim Controller = 1% Miscellaneous = 1% Switchgear = 1% Battery Bank = 5% DEGs Renewables = 5% Renewables Battery Bank Switchgear Controller Miscellaneous DEGs = 87% The NPV of the system, with i = 7% and fuel cost = 0.79 USD per liter (3.0 USD per gallon), is 1,974,389 USD 18

19. Sample Analysis (9) i = 0.03 i = 0.07 19

20. Sample Analysis (10) i = 0.07 i = 0.03 Diesel-battery system Wind-diesel-battery system 20

21. Sample Analysis (11) i = 0.07 i = 0.03 21

22. Project Budget The total budget for this project is $371.4K with $80.0K as a subcontract to AEA. About 78% or $284.5K of the budget has been spent or encumbered. 22

23. Future Work • Data Management: Storage, Format, and Web Access • Data Collection & Analysis: New remote monitoring sites (electrical, thermal, and meteorological data) • Select new villages for remote monitoring installs • Consortium of AK Rural Utilities and Industry Partners: Meeting/Workshop at AK Rural Energy Conference in April 2007 • Remote Supervisory Control of Village Power Systems for Management and Optimization (Future Project) 23

24. Questions? Questions??? 24