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The Human Body

The Human Body. Nutrition. What does this picture have to do with a human body?. Nutrients . Nutrients. A substance that a living thing must take in to promote growth, maintenance, and repair is called nutrients. 6 nutrients. Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, water, vitamins, minerals

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The Human Body

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  1. The Human Body Nutrition

  2. What does this picture have to do with a human body?

  3. Nutrients

  4. Nutrients • A substance that a living thing must take in to promote growth, maintenance, and repair is called nutrients.

  5. 6 nutrients • Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, water, vitamins, minerals • Carbohydrates: organic compounds made from one or more sugar molecules. • They store and provide energy for your body to function

  6. Carbohydrates • Simple carbohydrates are called sugars. • Found in many forms: • Sucrose (granulated sugar) • Fructose (honey, fruit) • Lactose (milk sugar) • Glucose (fruit, flows through blood)

  7. Complex Carbohydrates • Made of sugar molecules linked together in chains • They form starch in potatoes, pasta and bread. • Some cc’s, such as cellulose (fiber) are not digestible

  8. Proteins • Made of amino acids • They regulate the chemical reactions in the body, transport and store materials, promote growth and healing. • They are long chains of molecules • Our cells need combinations of different amino acids to make proteins for reactions in our bodies

  9. lipids • Simple or compound • Are molecules of triglycerides (alcohol glycerol) with fatty acids (saturated or unsaturated) • Cholesterol is a compound lipid, helps build cell membranes

  10. Vitamins • Organic substances needed in small amounts for growth and activity • Either fat or water soluble (dissolve in) • 4 fat-soluble: • A,D,E,K • We need a little fat to store these vitamins

  11. Fat soluble

  12. Water-soluble • Vitamin C, and eight B vitamins • Body excretes extra water-soluble vitamins • Many are used for cell metabolism

  13. Minerals • Inorganic substances • Calcium and phosphorus make up most of our mineral content • Some minerals work together, others alone • Most play a role in one of the body’s chemical processes in a cell

  14. Water • More than 70% of our body mass is water. • Most of our water is found in our cells • Intracellular/extracellular • Ex. Is water, nutrients, and carbon dioxide, electrolytes

  15. Digestions, Absorption, GI Tract • 1. Digestion: food is broken down into microscopic nutrients through digestion • A. chewing • B. chemically with enzymes.

  16. 2. Absorption: nutrient molecules are moved into the bloodstream. • Most absorption occurs in walls of small intestine • Bloodstream brings nutrients everywhere

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