What are these circles?

1. What are these circles? Energy levels A region around the nucleus of an atom where an electron is likely to be moving.

3. Orbitals Oribital Shape Sub-orbital # of e s sphere 1 2 p dumbbell 3 6 d clover-leaf 5 10 f complex 7 14

4. Your major task is to fill rooms in your hotel. The funny shape of your hotel is to accommodate the habits of the hogs. The penthouse is on the first floor and the less desirable rooms are on the top floor. You must fill up your hotel keeping the following rules in mind: 1) Hogs are lazy! 2) Hogs can’t stand each other except when rule #1 forces the to put up with each other. 3) If hogs are in the same room they will face in opposite directions. 4) They stink, so you can’t put more than two hogs in each room. 3rd floor _______ _______ _____ 2nd floor ___________ 1st floor ____________ Your hotel can hold 10hogs.

5. Book 15 hogs into their rooms 6th ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 5th floor ______ _____ ______ 4th floor _______ 3rd floor ______ _____ ______ 2nd floor _________ 1st floor __________

6. Important Definitions • Principal Energy Levels – are assigned values in order of increasing energy: n=1,2,3,4. The greater the number the further away from the nucleus. As you move closer to the nucleus the energy of an electron decreases. • Ground State – lowest energy state of an atom • Atomic orbitals – orbitals have different shapes and are denoted by s, p, d, f

7. Rules for filling oribitals • Pauli Exclusion Principle – an orbital may contain no more than two electrons. • Aufbau Principle – electrons occupy the lowest energy orbital available. • Hund’s Rule – when you have several orbitals of the same energy place one electron in each orbital before doubling up.

8. 1s2s 2p3s 3p 3d4s 4p 4d 4f5s 5p 5d 5f6s 6p 6d7s 7p Increasing energy

9. Electron “Hotel” f