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Dalton’s Atomic Theory

Dalton’s Atomic Theory. Dalton’s Atomic Theory. Each element is made up of atoms The atoms of a given element are identical Chemical compounds are formed when atoms of different elements combine with each other

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Dalton’s Atomic Theory

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  1. Dalton’s Atomic Theory

  2. Dalton’s Atomic Theory • Each element is made up of atoms • The atoms of a given element are identical • Chemical compounds are formed when atoms of different elements combine with each other • Chemical reactions involve reorganization of the atoms, and changes the way they are bound together. Atoms not changed.

  3. Periodic Table • Dalton made the first PT using atomic masses of elements • Gay-Lussac and Avogadro also contributed to the early research on atoms

  4. Characteristics of Atoms • The Electron • Thomson-cathode ray tube • Identified negatively charges particles called electrons • Charge of -1.76 x 10^8 C/g • Thought that atom was a “plum pudding” with a diffuse cloud containing “raisin” electons

  5. Rutherford • Disproved “plum pudding” model • Came up with Nuclear Atom (diffuse cloud of electrons orbiting a large,, positively-charged nucleus)

  6. Atomic Structure • Electron, small mass, negative charge, orbit • Proton, large mass, positive charge, nucleus • Neutron, large mass, no charge, nucleus • P. 50

  7. Atomic Number • # Electrons • # Protons • Location of PT

  8. Atomic Mass Number • Mass of atom in amu • # protons and neutrons combined

  9. Look at board and PT for examples of atomic mass and number • Must know first 50 elements on PT plus others • Know how to calculate electrons, protons and neutrons

  10. Homework • Flashcards—on your own • Worksheet

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