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Chapter 8

Chapter 8. Bleeding. Bleeding. Rapid blood loss can lead to shock or death. Loss of 1 quart in adult Loss of 1 pint in child Hemorrhaging Loss of a large quantity of blood in a short amount of time. Arterial (spurting) Venous (flowing) Capillary (oozing). Types of External Bleeding.

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Chapter 8

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  1. Chapter 8 Bleeding

  2. Bleeding • Rapid blood loss can lead to shock or death. • Loss of 1 quart in adult • Loss of 1 pint in child • Hemorrhaging • Loss of a large quantity of blood in a short amount of time

  3. Arterial (spurting) Venous (flowing) Capillary (oozing) Types of External Bleeding

  4. Body’s Response to Bleeding • Body responds naturally to bleeding: • Blood vessel spasm • Severed blood vessels draw back and constrict. • Clotting • Platelets form clot. • Serves as a protective covering for wound

  5. Care for External Bleeding (1 of 4) • Wear gloves. • If no gloves, improvise with other materials. • Expose wound.

  6. Care for External Bleeding (2 of 4) • Apply pressure. • Place sterile gauze pad or clean cloth over wound. • Hold direct pressure for at least 5 minutes. • Do not remove dressings.

  7. Use a pressure bandage. Wrap roller gauze tightly over dressing. Do not cut off circulation. Care for External Bleeding (3 of 4)

  8. Do not apply direct pressure to: Protruding bone fracture Skull fracture Embedded object Instead, use a ring pad. Form a loop by wrapping bandage around four fingers. Pass other end of bandage through loop. Wrap entire bandage around and around. Care for External Bleeding (4 of 4)

  9. Internal Bleeding • Skin is intact and blood is not seen. • Can be life-threatening • Causes: • Bleeding stomach ulcers • Lacerated liver • Ruptured spleen • Broken bones

  10. Recognizing Internal Bleeding (1 of 2) • Bright red blood from mouth or rectum • Blood in urine • Vaginal bleeding (nonmenstrual) • Vomiting blood • Bright red, dark red, or coffee grounds • Stools are black, tarry, foul-smelling.

  11. Recognizing Internal Bleeding (2 of 2) • Pain, tenderness, bruising, or swelling • Broken ribs, bruises over lower chest • Rigid abdomen

  12. Care for Severe Internal Bleeding • Monitor breathing. • Have victim lie on left side. • Prevents aspiration of vomit • Treat for shock. • Keep warm with coat or blanket. • For internal bleeding in an extremity, apply a splint. • Seek immediatemedical care.

  13. Bruises • A form of internal bleeding • Not life-threatening • Apply ice pack for 20 minutes. • Apply elastic bandage for compression to extremity.

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