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Yom Kippur War

Yom Kippur War. Began 6 October 1973, ended 27 October 1973. Map of the Conflict. Arab/Palestinian Points of Contention. Arabs frustrated with Israel populating territories. ( Stoessinger , 212) Determined to prevent Israeli annexation. (212)

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Yom Kippur War

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  1. Yom Kippur War Began 6 October 1973, ended 27 October 1973

  2. Map of the Conflict

  3. Arab/Palestinian Points of Contention • Arabs frustrated with Israel populating territories. (Stoessinger, 212) • Determined to prevent Israeli annexation. (212) • Wanted to destroy the Bar Lev Line fortification. (Schultze, 42) • The USSR encouraged Arabs to believe that some of the territories lost in the 1967 War could be recaptured using force. (Stoessinger, 212)

  4. Israeli Points of Contention • Israel was unwilling to make concessions after its victory in the 1967 war • They gained control of Palestinian land and 665,000 people from the 1967 war. • Israel did not want Palestinians to rise up in the West Bank (Palestine was getting powerful) • Israel thought Sadat was weak because they went to the USSR for arms • They still thought they were superior and did not take any hints of war seriously

  5. Israel points of Contention (cont.) • Sadat offered to open the Suez Canal if Israel would draw back from it, but Israel was not down. • Israel also did not to give up any of their 1967 land, they were very serious about this.

  6. Key Players • Anwar Sadat (Egypt’s president) • Hafiz al-Asad (Syrian Leader) • Henry Kissinger (U.S. Secretary of State) • Moshe Dayan (Israeli Defense Minister) • Golda Meir (Israeli Prime Minister) • Nixon (United States President)

  7. Key Events/Battles of the Yom Kippur War • Started on Yom Kippur • In the Sinai, Egypt sent large forces across the Suez Canal, capturing Israeli positions on the Eastern bank. • Syrians seized Mount Hermon, forcing Israeli forces back. • By the 1st week, Soviet and U.S. forces were involved. • Israeli troops entered the West Bank on Egyptian territory.

  8. Outcome of the Conflict • 2,838 Israelis killed, 8,800 wounded • 8,528 Arabs killed, 19,549 wounded • Israel became more dependent on the United States, both for military and economic aid (because the war had cost Israel about one third of its yearly budget) • The war weakened the Labor government (which had lead Israel since 1948), and also virtually ended the political careers of Golda Meir and Moshe Dayan • The war brought the world’s attention back to the Arab-Israeli conflict

  9. Outcome of the Conflict (cont.) • The war provided the basis for Kissinger and for American diplomacy to mediate the dispute • The Arabs now had the “oil weapon,” which could be used to pressure the West for Israeli concessions • The war restored Arab dignity • Sadat and Asad had achieved their war aim of forcing Israel to negotiate the return or Arab territory • “The Arabs lost the war militarily, but they won the war diplomatically, and won a psychological battle.” (The 1973 War and Its Aftermath, 174-175) (Fraser, 103)

  10. Credits Sources used: -The Arab-Israeli Conflict by T. G. Fraser -The Arab-Israeli Conflict by Kirsten E. Schultze -The 1973 War and Its Aftermath -Why Nations Go to War by John Stoessinger By Sofia Loprinzi Hardin, Hana Gustafson, Ruby O’Connor, Emma Long, Lily Fritsch

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