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This chapter explores the importance of carbon bonding in biological molecules and distinguishes between organic and inorganic compounds. It covers the identification of functional groups in biological molecules and the synthesis and breakdown of large carbon molecules. The chapter also explains how the breaking down of ATP supplies energy for chemical reactions.
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Chapter 3 Biochemistry Table of Contents Section 1 Carbon Compounds Section 2 Molecules of Life
Section 1 Carbon Compounds Chapter 3 Objectives • Distinguishbetween organic and inorganic compounds. • Explainthe importance of carbon bonding in biological molecules. • Identify functional groups in biological molecules. • Summarizehow large carbon molecules are synthesized and broken down. • Describehow the breaking down of ATP supplies energy to drive chemical reactions.
Section 1 Carbon Compounds Chapter 3 Carbon Bonding • Organic compoundscontain carbon atoms and are found in living things. • Most inorganic compounds do not contain carbon atoms.
Section 1 Carbon Compounds Chapter 3 Carbon Bonding, continued • Carbon atoms can readily form four covalent bonds with other atoms including other carbon atoms. The carbon bonds allow the carbon atoms to form a wide variety of simple and complex organic compounds.
Section 1 Carbon Compounds Chapter 3 Carbon Bonding
Section 1 Carbon Compounds Chapter 3 Functional Groups • Functional groupsare groups of atoms that influence the properties of molecules and the chemical reactions in which the molecules participate.
Section 1 Carbon Compounds Chapter 3 Large Carbon Molecules • Condensation reactionsjoin monomers (small simple molecules) to form polymers. A condensation reaction releases water as a by-product. • In ahydrolysis reaction, water is used to split polymers into monomers.
Section 1 Carbon Compounds Chapter 3 Energy Currency • Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stores and releases energy during cell processes, enabling organisms to function.
