1 / 73

Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management

Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management Republic of Slovenia 3 r d Review Meeting Vienna, May 200 9 PRESENTATION OVERVIEW Introduction – Basic information on the Slovenian Nuclear Programme

johana
Download Presentation

Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management Republic of Slovenia 3rd Review Meeting Vienna, May 2009

  2. PRESENTATION OVERVIEW • Introduction – Basic information on the Slovenian Nuclear Programme • Brief presentation of the National Report • Conclusions • General response to questions

  3. Introduction – Slovenian Nuclear Programme • Brief presentation of the National Report • Conclusions • General response to questions

  4. LILW repository - operational in 2013 On site storage and ultimate geological disposal – 50 years On site wet storage at NPP Dry storage, then disposal or export Decommissioning Fund (Levy from kWh) LILW repository - operational in 2013 Decommissioning Fund (Levy from kWh) On site storage Central Interim Storage for Radioactive Waste, then transfer to LILW repository LILW repository - operational in 2013 Users and state Central Interim Storage for Radioactive waste LILW repository - operational in 2013 Decommissioning Fund (Levy from kWh) Central Interim Storage for Radioactive Waste then transfer to LILW repository LILW repository - operational in 2013 or with high level waste Users and state Central Interim Storage for Radioactive Waste Summary of basic information Type Long Term Management Policy Funding Current Practice / Facilities Planned Facilities Spent Fuel Nuclear Fuel Cycle Waste Application Wastes Decommiss-ioning Liabilities Disused Sealed Sources

  5. Waste generators

  6. The Krško NPP • Major producer of radioactive waste in Slovenia • PWR two loops Westinghouse design • 700 MWe • 24th fuel cycle • Joint project of Slovenia and Croatia • Start of the construction: 1974 • First criticality and connection to the grid: 1981 • Commercial operation: 1983 • Design life time 40 years, probably extended

  7. The Krško NPP • All LILW radioactive waste and spent fuel stored within the plant area, capacities nearly exhausted • Spent nuclear fuel stored in the spent fuel pool, re-racked in 2003, sufficient until end of design life time and beyond

  8. TRIGA Mark II Research Reactor • Part of Jožef Stefan Institute Reactor Centre • 250 kWt General Atomic open pool type, • Start in 1966, • In 1991 re-licensed for pulse mode operation • Shall terminate the operation in 2016 • No spent fuel on site (return of spent fuel to U.S. in 1999) • Minor amount of LILW • Hot laboratory as an integral part since early 2008 (licensed for treatment of RW from small producers)

  9. The Central Interim Storage for Radioactive Waste in Brinje • Storage of low and intermediate level radioactive waste from medical, industrial and research applications • Constructed in 1984, • Operational since 1986 • Refurbished in 2004 • Two and a half years of trial operation • Operating license in early 2008

  10. Žirovski Vrh Uranium Mine • Operation from 1984 to 1990, • Lifetime production 610,000 tons, • 452.5 tons U3O8 equivalent of yellow cake • In 1990 the decision to close • Mine and Mill decommissioned • Mine waste pile remediation completed • Mill tailings remediated

  11. Governmental Organizations • Slovenian Nuclear Safety Administration (1987) • Slovenian Radiation Protection Administration (2003) • Agency for Radwaste Management (1991) • Public Enterprise Žirovski vrh Mine (1992) • Fund for the decommissioning of the Krško NPP (1995)

  12. Governmental Policy • Resolution on the National Energy Programme • Resolution on the National Programme for Radioactive Waste and Spent Fuel Management (2006-2015) • Agreement between Slovenia and Croatia on Krško NPP • Decommissioning Plan for the Krško NPP

  13. Introduction – Slovenian Nuclear Programme • Brief presentation of the National Report • Conclusions • General response to questions

  14. Issues raised at the 2nd Review Meeting • Implementation of Agreement with Croatia • Proceeding • Siting, design and licensing of the LILW repository • Public acceptance pending • Continue to seek solution to geological disposal • Continuing • Characterisation of waste in Central Interim Storage Facility • Completed • Hot cell refurbishment • Completed and licensed • Uranium Mine – waste pile final remediation • Completed

  15. Main Novelties since the 2st Report • Characterisation of historical waste stored in CISF completed • Central Interim Storage for Radioactive Waste licensed • Hot Cell Laboratory licensed • Licence for remediation work at Boršt waste pile (upgrading mill and mine tailings safety) • Progress in siting of LILW repository • The Decommissioning Plan is under revision • 10 fresh fuel elements and 500kg of yellow cake sold to AREVA

  16. Spent Fuel Management Policy NPP Krško • Dry storage for SF: • construction 2024 - 2037 • operation 2037 – 2070 • Looking for regional or global solutions • Disposal of SF in Slovenia • beginning of site characterization 2035 • beginning of construction 2055 • After storage period disposal in Slovenia or export

  17. Spent Fuel Management Policy Research Reactor • Stop operating in 2016, • Return SF to U.S. by 2019

  18. Spent Fuel Management Practices - Krško NPP • Spent fuel pool for 1694 fuel assemblies, made of reinforced concrete, covered with SS liner, leak detection system • Water purification system, < 18.4 x104 Bq/cm3 • Criticality analysis design basis criterion, keff+3< 0.95 • Average burn-up 45.9 GWd/MTU • Re-racked in 2003

  19. Spent Fuel Management Practices – Research Reactor • Two spent fuel pools, both empty • Newer spent fuel pool is operational with capacity of 195 spent fuel elements • Made of reinforced concrete, covered with SS liner, on-line water radioactivity monitoring

  20. Radioactive Waste Management Policy • Responsibility for LILW management: • Producers, • State-owned public service (ARAO) • According to 2002 Act • Site for LILW repository - approved by 2008 • Repository - operational 2013

  21. RAW Management Practices – The Central Interim Storage for Radwaste • Operational since 1986, first operator Institute J. Stefan • Transferred to Agency for Radwaste Management in 1999 • “Polluter pays” principle since 2000 • Refurbishment finished in 2004 • Beginning of trial operation in 2005 • Operating license in early 2008

  22. RAW Management Practices – Žirovski Vrh Uranium Mine • Two permanent waste disposal sites: • Jazbec mine waste pile (SAR approved, remediation completed) • Boršt mill tailings site (SAR approved) • Underground mine closed • Ore processing plant decommissioned • Contaminated waste materials from decommissioning disposed on Jazbec mine waste pile • Geomechanical stability problem of Boršt mill tailings addressed in SAR

  23. RAW Management Practices – Krško NPP • Radioactive Waste Management Programme • Radioactive Waste Committee at Krško NPP • Radioactive waste treatment and conditioning: gaseous, liquid and solid radioactive waste processing systems • Radioactive waste volume reduction programme: • Two super compaction campaigns, • Four incineration and melting campaigns • In-Drum Drying System • Installation of supercompactor on site • 18-month fuel cycle • PSR accomplished in 2004 => waste storage operation is appropriately addressed

  24. RAW Management Practices – Small Producers • Jožef Stefan Institute: • Solid radwaste transferred to Central Interim Storage for Radwaste • Industry and Research: • ~90 different organisations, • 800 sealed radioactive sources, • Spent and disused sources shipped to Central Interim Storage for Radwaste • Medicine: • 7 hospitals, • Decay storage tanks at Institute of Oncology, • Short lived radioactive waste stored at users’ locations, • After decay transferred to the municipal disposal site

  25. Inventories and Lists Krško NPP • Spent fuel • 872 assemblies • 18-months fuel cycle (since 2004) • LILW • 3,685 drums, 2,174 m3, 1.93x10+13 Bq • Other • 2 steam generators and other bulky items

  26. Inventories and Lists

  27. Inventories and Lists

  28. Inventories and Lists Research Reactor TRIGA Mark II • Spent fuel • All returned to U.S. in 1999, with option to return the rest by 2019 • Other waste • Various items, mainly contaminated laboratory equipment and tools (annual discharge rate ~1 m3 ) are transferred to Central interim storage facility

  29. Inventories and Lists Žirovski Vrh Uranium Mine • Jazbec Mine Waste Pile • Total 1,198,800 m3 (mine waste, red mud, filter cake from mine water treatment station, soil and ruins from uranium ore processing plant) • Total activity of disposed material 21.7 TBq • Boršt Mill Tailings • Total 409,000 m3 (mine waste, mill tailings) • Total activity of storage material 48.8 TBq

  30. Inventories and Lists Central Interim Storage for Radioactive Waste • Status at the end of 2007: • 305 drums • 210 special bulky items • 333 spent sealed sources (60Co, 137Cs, 85Kr, 90Sr) • Total activity app. 3,600 GBq • Status at the end of 2008 (after characterisation) • 345 drums • 31 special bulky items • 82 spent sealed sources (60Co, 137Cs, 85Kr, 90Sr) • Total activity app. 3,650 GBq

  31. Inventories and Lists Isotopic Laboratory of the Institute of Oncology • LLW is packed in 60 l barrels - decay storage • Sealed sources (Co, Ir, Ra) - Central Interim Storage • Liquid radioactive waste (faecal sludge) is collected in decay storage tanks and released into the hospital sewage system after about half a year

  32. Legislative and Regulatory Framework Safety of spent fuel and radioactive waste management: • Act on Ionising Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety - “2002 Act” - basic requirements • Detailed safety requirements in regulation’’On management of radioactive waste and spent fuel’’ (JV7), adopted in May 2006

  33. Regulatory Body Slovenian Nuclear Safety Administration (SNSA) • Established in 1987 • Director of the SNSA • appointed and released by the Government • responsible to the Minister • SNSA is represented on the Governmental and Parliamentary level by the Minister • Staff • interdisciplinary • 46 employees (including director) • In 2007 acquired the ISO 9001:2000 certificate for the management system

  34. Regulatory Body

  35. Human and Financial Resources NPP Krško • Responsibilities: • Radioactive waste => Chemistry Department, • Spent fuel => Nuclear Fuel Department, • Radiological control => Radiation Protection Department • 573 employees (at the end of 2007), 8 directly involved in RAW management • Expenses for radioactive waste and spent fuel are part of production costs • Development of a Site Specific Decommissioning Plan for NPP Krško to assess financial resources • Fund for decommissioning and final disposal of radioactive waste and spent fuel is independent from the NPP

  36. Human and Financial Resources JSI Reactor Infrastructure Centre • Reactor operational staff responsible for spent fuel and radioactive waste handling and managing. Budget 200,000 EUR per year. Financial provisions for decommissioning are not assured yet. • Staff of 11 Agency for Radwaste Management • Staff of 24 • State budget, Decommissioning Fund for the Krško NPP, fees for storage and future disposal of radioactive waste

  37. Operational Radiation Protection Occupational Exposure due to RW Management * due to radiation practices and RWM

  38. Operational Radiation Protection Estimated effective dose for population

  39. Decommissioning No nuclear facility under decommissioning(excluding the remediation of the Žirovski vrh Uranium Mine) • Site Specific Decommissioning Plan for Krško NPP, levy per produced kWhe paid to the Fund is 0.3 Eurocents • Research project to estimate quantity and composition of LILW resulting of dismantling of TRIGA Mark II • Decommissioning of Žirovski vrh is assured by Slovenian Government

  40. Siting of Proposed Facilities • LILW repository should become operational by the year 2013, site known by 2008. • Two main criteria: • Safe disposal solution, supported by the safety assessment • Site selection performed in agreement with local community • Licensing process: • Environmental Impact Assessment is mandatory for spent fuel management facilities and radioactive waste management facilities • Safety Analysis Report is the key document

  41. Siting of Proposed Facilities • Public Involvement: • invitation to local communities, 8 responded, 3 withdrawn, • 12 potentially suitable sites in 5 local communities, • 3 locations in 3 communities were approved for further field investigation, 1 withdrawn • 2 local partnerships were established • The spatial planning procedure for the potential location Vrbina in Krško started in 2006, waiting for consent of the local council • The spatial planning procedure for the potential location Brežice started in 2007, in process

  42. Siting of Proposed Facilities (cntd’) NPP Krško Vrbina-Krško municipality Sava River Vrbina- Brežice municipality

  43. Siting of Proposed Facilities (cntd’) Design basis for the LILW repository • Three variants considered on the potential location Vrbina in Krško municipality • Surface type • Tunnel type • Near Surface silos • Proposal: Silo type of LILW repository • Structures used for operating stage placed on embankment, later removed • Structure placed 15 to 50 m beneath the surface • Lays in saturated soil, separated from fresh water, covered by 5m thick clay layer • Silos structure: 33 m high and 26 m in diameter • Capacity: 700 concrete containers in 10 levels Silos structure in operating time: vertical and horizontal cross section.

  44. Disposal of Spent Fuel Krško NPP: • Plans for repository • beginning of site characterisation 2035 (identify sites) • beginning of construction 2055 (propose the site) • beginning of disposal 2065 • Export option also considered

  45. Disposal of Spent Fuel Research Reactor: • Decision on termination of operation in 2016 • Shipment and permanent disposal of spent fuel within the framework of the U.S. government programme

  46. Transboundary Movement • Council Directive 2006/117/EURATOM of November 2006 has been adopted • In 2005 transit of irradiated nuclear fuel from Austria via Slovenia to Port of Koper • In October 2005 shipment from the Krško NPP for incineration and melting, returned in December 2006 • In December 2008 shipment from the Krško NPP sent for incineration and melting • In 2008 three transits of nuclear fuel from Italy, Romania and Hungary via Slovenia to Port of Koper

  47. Disused Sealed Sources • Storage: • Central Interim Storage • “Polluter pays’’ principle • Re-manufacturing and re-entry • No manufacturing of sealed sources in Slovenia • Successful campaign in the faculties and state institutions • HASS Directive has been adopted • Effective System for Prevention of Illicit Trafficking of Radioactive Materials in Shipments of Metal Scrap • In force since January 1, 2008

  48. Introduction – Slovenian Nuclear Programme • The Republic of Slovenia - a party to the Joint Convention • Brief presentation of the National Report • Conclusions • General response to questions

  49. CONCLUSIONS • Amount of radwaste in Slovenia is relatively small, but magnitude of problems is similar as in countries with big nuclear programmes • Current situation is well under control • Slovenia respects provisions of Joint Convention

  50. Challenges • LILW repository siting, construction and operation • Agreement with Croatia about common solution for Krško NPP waste disposal • Updated Krško NPP Decommissioning plan

More Related