ONE & TWO-POINT PERSPECTIVES

1. ONE & TWO-POINT PERSPECTIVES Objectives: The student will be able to illustrate examples of one-point perspectives using the principles of Architectural Drafting. The student will be able to diagram interior spaces using perspective drawings to scale. The student will be able to design interior areas of buildings using the process of a one-point perspective to communicate ideas to building contractors and Engineers.

2. WARM UP ACTIVITY • Computer-Aided Drafting - Students will log on to a computer station every day and open all appropriate programs. Then, set up Image page using Paint Application (Microsoft) • Architectural Drafting - Students are expected to have 0.5 mm mechanical pencils and a technology education section notebook for this class. Students will copy all vocabulary terms from the board along with the definitions. Students will gather all drafting materials (t-square, triangle, ruler, masking tape, drafting boards, and 8 ½ x 11” sheets of paper. Students must set-up drawing sheets on their boards using their t-squares horizontally.

3. VOCABULARY • One-Point Perspective – A drawing in which the front view is drawn to its true scale and all receding sides are projected to a single vanishing point located on the horizon. • Vanishing Point – A point on a perspective drawing that all lines are projected towards. It is known as the point at which projection lines intersect on a perspective drawing. • Pictorial Drawing – A picture-like drawing that shows several sides of an object in one drawing. The two types of pictorial drawings are known as isometric and perspective. • Isometric Drawing– Drawings that are used extensively in mechanical engineering work. A realistic representation of a drawing in three-dimensions.

4. VOCABULARY • Two-Point Perspective – A drawing in which the receding sides are projected to two vanishing points, one on each end of the horizon line. • Shading: an area of relatively dark tone or close lines, dots, or hatching that produces darkness or shadow in a drawing or picture. • Fade: to lose or make something lose brightness, color, or loudness gradually • Shadow: a darkened shape on a surface that falls behind somebody or something blocking the light

5. VOCABULARY • Rendering: an architect’s representation of the inside and outside of a finished building, drawn in perspective • Blending: to shade from one color to another without obvious transitions and boundaries; to mix different substances together so that they do not readily separate • Stipple: to give something, for example, wet paint or plaster, a rough grainy texture with dabbing strokes • Texture: the feel and appearance of a surface, especially how rough or smooth it is • Sketch: a drawing or painting that is done quickly without concern for detail.

6. Vertical Placement • The distance an object is placed above or below the horizon line affects the amount of distortion in the line drawing. Moving an object a greater distance vertically from the horizon line has the same effect as moving the vanishing points closer together. • Students will be expected to create three-dimensional objects changing the horizontal-line and vertical placement of each drawing.

7. Examples of Perspective Drawings using different horizon lines

8. THE EFFECTS OF HORIZONTAL LINE PLACEMENT Horizon line above the vertical line

9. THE EFFECTS OF HORIZONTAL LINE PLACEMENT Horizon line below the vertical line

10. THE EFFECTS OF HORIZONTAL LINE PLACEMENT Horizon line along the vertical line

11. ASSIGNMENTS • Students must complete a one and two point perspective from the list below: • One-Point Perspectives: • Living Room • Sitting Room • School Hallway • Urban Alley • Two-Point Perspective: • Commercial Office Building

12. INDEPENDENT PRACTICE • Students will log on to a computer station every day and open all appropriate programs • Set up Image page using Paint Application (Microsoft) • Draw the front view of the object (building). Draw the horizon line above, below, or through the building. • Mark the position of the vanishing point on the horizon line: to the left if you want to see the left side of the building; to the right if you want to see the right side of the building; to the rear if you want to see only the front. • Project all corners of the front view to the vanishing point. • Save all work on a flash drive daily (provided by the teacher)

13. INDEPENDENT PRACTICE • Estimate the depths of the receding sides, and draw a vertical line parallel with the vertical lines of the front view to indicate the back corner of the building. • Make all object lines heavy, and eradicate the horizon line and projection lines leading to the vanishing point. • Each student will continue the series of drawings until completion. Students are expected to clean up their areas (desk) and return all materials before leaving the classroom. • Employability skills are included within the grades of each project and listed in the course syllabus. These skills account for 10% of student’s grade.

14. GRADING RUBRICS • 40% - Quality of lines: Precision; Accuracy • 20% - Level of use for computers: Functional use; Precise of the scale rule • 20% - Level of neatness: Drawings must be neat (without erasures, partials, etc.) • 20% - Effective use of time: Arrive to class on time, log in to a computer station, etc.