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Potato Geography

Potato Geography.

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Potato Geography

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  1. Potato Geography

  2. The potato was domesticated in the proximity of Lake Titicaca, near the current border between Peru and Bolivia. For nearly 500 years it has crossed continents and oceans, reaching countless new homes and taking root in cultures and communities around the world.

  3. Lake Titicaca: Potato heartland

  4. Chuño, partially frozen potatoes http://www.redepapa.org/chuno.html Chuño for sale, Bolivian market http://www.cipotato.org/news/images/chuno_presentacion_platos.jpg

  5. Based on the book The Potato Treasure of the Andes. Multimedia presentation designed by Milton Hidalgo, • Training and Communications Department, • International Potato Center. December 2001, Lima, Peru • For more information on the potato and its history, see http://www.cipotato.org/Market/Potbook/potbook.htm

  6. 1500s 1600s 1700s 1800s 1900s 1500s Andes Spain Italy Belgium FROM TO UK, Spain Italy Belgium Austria

  7. 1500s 1600s 1700s 1800s 1900s 1600s Portugal UK Bermuda Netherlands FROM TO Bermuda Virginia India China

  8. 1500s 1600s 1700s 1800s 1900s 1700s India Italy Spain France FROM TO Nepal Yugoslavia Philippines Denmark

  9. Frederick the Great Antoine Augustine Parmentier

  10. 1500s 1600s 1700s 1800s 1900s 1800s UK China USSR France FROM TO Egypt Thailand Greece Lesotho

  11. 1500s 1600s 1700s 1800s 1900s 1900s Belgium Germany Netherlands France FROM TO Rwanda Nigeria Saudi Arabia New Caledonia

  12. established as a pest species in Newfoundland Newfoundland potatoes cannot be exported to the mainland cars are supposed to be washed before being loaded onto ferries Plants infested with nematodes produce fewer and smaller potatoes Cysts may survive up to 20 years before hatching Golden Nematode“Globodera rostochiensis”

  13. Golden Nematode Cysts

  14. common in many parts of Russia, central Europe, eastern Africa, and South America likes moist summers, relatively mild winters, or where snow cover slows freezing parts of Newfoundland (Avalon Peninsula); central Saanich Pen., Vancouver Island, BC; Long Island, NY; and central México Why only in these places? Why Here?

  15. spread of potatoes to North America depended upon their transport by Europeans potatoes as a food supply to Méxican port of Veracruz Golden Nematode was transferred from Basque coast to new breeding area in México Potatoes to México

  16. England obtained potatoes from Spanish sources, from different areas of South America early 1600s, potatoes, but not the Golden Nematode, introduced to Bermuda, then to Virginia (1613) potatoes without Golden Nematode arrived by mid-1600s in coastal North America Basque Potatoes brought by Dutch to Nieuw Amsterdam (now New York) grown in the suitable soil of Long Island Golden Nematode had traveled with the Basque potatoes to The Netherlands, and now was established on Long Island Potatoes to North America

  17. not popular with Acadian farmers France failed to introduce potatoes to colonies Prince Edward Island ranked last in agricultural potential by French govt. in early 1750s Brit. Gov. Lawrence introduced potatoes to Halifax & Lunenburg (1760); later to PEI in 1771 predominantly from New England do not appear to have carried the Golden Nematode with them. Potatoes to Maritime Canada

  18. uncertain exactly when potatoes arrived perhaps directly from coastal Basque Provinces, or by Irish, who originally obtained potatoes from Basque Provinces Basque Provinces have climates suitable for the Golden Nematode Golden Nematode appears to have arrived with the original importation of potatoes into eastern Newfoundland remains as a problem for potato growers here Potatoes to Newfoundland

  19. Irish Potato Famine in 1847 resulted from importation of blight, Phytophthora infestans, from New York in 1845 1848, blight re-crossed Atlantic to St. John’s spread of Golden Nematode to Saanich Peninsula, Vancouver Island, BC, in 1965 Subsequent Movements

  20. In 2005, the Maritimes, St. Lawrence Valley, and western Canada each accounted for approximately equal shares of Canadian Potato production Current Potato Production

  21. Varieties

  22. Relative decline in PEI and NB: drier summers, overproduction, low prices, competition, blocking of imports by the USA resulting from discovery of PVYN virus in late 1990s

  23. Potato production is declining in NL Competition is main factor

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