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What statement do you most agree with and why?

What statement do you most agree with and why?. A. A government leader should never have absolute authority. B. A government leader can exercise absolute authority if it will help advance a country’s economy.

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What statement do you most agree with and why?

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  1. What statement do you most agree with and why? • A. A government leader should never have absolute authority. • B. A government leader can exercise absolute authority if it will help advance a country’s economy. • C. A government leader can exercise absolute authority when a country is under attack. • D. A government leader can exercise absolute authority whenever is advances a country’s interest.

  2. The Age of Absolution 1550-1800

  3. The Great European Powers • Spain- The first modern European Power • France-The world of the Sun King • England-Civil War and the Rise of Parliament • Austria and Prussia-The rise of the German states. • Russia-From Middle Ages to Modern Times “All I say is, Kings is Kings and you got to make allowances.” -Mark Twain, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

  4. Charles V: Holder of Two Crowns • King of Spain and the Hapsburg Empire(Holy Roman Empire) • The most powerful man in Europe from 1516-1556. • Fought against Protestantism in German states and the Muslim Ottoman Empire in the Balkans. • The stress of these struggles caused him to divide up his empire in 1556. • Spain- 29 year old Philip II • Hapsburg Empire- brother Ferdinand

  5. Philip II: The First Real Absolute Monarch • Ruled for 42 years and Spain dominated Europe. • Workaholic, Strong Catholic, and lived more like a monk in his isolated, somber palace. • Married a total of four times. • Claimed Divine Right over his subjects and attacked Protestantism everywhere. • Fought many wars in Europe against Muslims in the Mediterranean and Protestants in the Netherlands. • Launched the Spanish Armada in 1588 against Elizabeth I of England.

  6. Spanish Armanda 1588 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G0c6LWi9A90

  7. Philip’s Victories and Defeats • Major Victory- Defeated the Ottoman empire fleet in 1571. • Major Defeats- The loss of the Northern provinces of the Netherlands and the defeat of the Spanish Armada against England. • The defeat of the Spanish Armada marked the beginning of decline for Spain after Philip’s death. • Weak rulers, costly wars, and the neglect of farming and commerce were the causes. • Final Thoughts: By the mid 1600s, others had surpassed Spain.

  8. Why did France become the leading power in Europe during the Age of Absolutism?

  9. France • From 1560s-1590s, religious wars between Catholics and Huguenots (French Protestants) tore France apart. • In 1589, Henry IV became King. • Edict of Nantes 1598: granted Huguenots( French protestants) religious toleration. • Under Henry, France was rebuilt. • Henry was killed by an assassin in 1610.

  10. Louis XIII and Cardinal Richelieu • Louis XIII 1610-1643 • Inherited a divided and violent France. • Cardinal Richelieu (chief minister)-crushed the power of the nobles & Protestants and made Louis XIII the absolute monarch of a unified and peaceful France.

  11. Face of The Age of Absolutism: France’s Louis XIV 1638-1715 “The Sun King”

  12. Louis XIV-The Sun King • 5 year old inherited a powerful/unified France & made it a superpower. Ruled for 72 years, longest European reign in History. • Cardinal Jules Mazarin appointed by Richelieu to be chief minister • Louis XIV made France the center of wealth, power, culture, and intellectual study.

  13. The Main Entrance

  14. The Apollo Drawing Room

  15. The King’s Bedroom

  16. The Queen’s Bedroom

  17. The Hercules Drawing Room

  18. The Hall of Mirrors

  19. The Chapel “Took 28 years to build”.

  20. The Dauphin’s Bedroom

  21. King’s Private Library

  22. The dauphine's bedroom

  23. Louis XIV-The Sun King • Palace of Versailles=most extravagant palace in Europe housed 10,000 people so Louis could directly control the lives of the feudal nobility • War of Spanish Succession=Philip V, a grandson of Louis XIV, inherits the throne of Spain, so Louis XIV declares France & Spain united, but England goes to war to keep them separated to maintain a “balance of power” • Louis XIV’s luxury & wars put France in debt so taxes rose. • Never consulted Estates General about spending of tax money.

  24. Homework • 1.Do you think Louis XIV’s reign was good for France? Explain 2 paragraphs a piece of paper • 2. Define terms on pg. 516 (all of them) for tomorrow as well.

  25. England=Britain • Began developing Limited Monarchy since Magna Carta of 1215 & slowly moving toward democracy. • Trade/Colonies with New World is making England rich. • Island geography provides great defense from Spain & France & encourages a strong navy which will make Britain the world superpower until 1918. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CuRb6iPqLjA&feature=related

  26. The Stuarts • James I 1603-1625 • Scottish Stuart dynasty inherits throne promoting Catholicism & Absolutism. • Argued over Royal Power and the right to tax its subjects. • James eventually gave in. • Many Protestants flee to America to escape unpopular James. • Charles I 1625-1649 • Parliament demands that he had to sign Petition of Right (1628), which gives full power of taxes to Parliament • Charles refuses to sign & dismisses Parliament(twice) so he can rule as an absolute monarch. • Recalls Parliament in 1640 but problems led to Civil War from 1642-1649 between Charles and Parliament. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xz1XORmNP2M

  27. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fc7S4Chk_-A

  28. After the Civil War 1649-1688 • The Commonwealth 1649-1660 • Parliament abolishes monarchy & Cromwell attempts to form republic. • Charles I is executed in 1649 by Parliament. • The Commonwealth rule was very strict and demanding on peoples lives. • England was lost after having continuous kings since William (1066). • The Restoration • Parliament offers Charles II the throne to restore tradition. • Shared his family’s beliefs but avoided conflict with Parliament. • James II • Threatens return to Catholicism & Absolutism.

  29. Glorious Revolution= Great Britain • Parliament forced James II to flee to France in 1688. • Parliament invites William & Mary to rule England. • On the Condition that they sign the English Bill of Rights 1689. (They did) • Permanently makes Parliament supreme authority of England. (Still is Today) • Final Thoughts: Britain is the greatest power in the World until the 20th Century.

  30. C.P. Response • Describe living under such conditions for 30 years. • Why would it be hard for a society to recover from this level of devastation?

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