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Wireless Communications Principles and Practice 2nd Edition T.S. Rappaport

2006. Reflection from Conductors. A perfect conductor reflects back all the incident wave back.Ei = Er?i = ?r ( E in plane of incidence)Ei = - Er?i = ?r ( E normal to plane of incidence). UMAIR HASHMI. Spring 2011. 2006. Ground Reflection (Two-Ray) Model. UMAIR HASHMI. Spring 2011. Propagation Model that considers both the direct (LOS) path and a ground reflected path between transmitter and the receiver. Reasonably accurate model for predicting large scale signal strength over d1143

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Wireless Communications Principles and Practice 2nd Edition T.S. Rappaport

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    1. 2006 Wireless Communications Principles and Practice 2nd Edition T.S. Rappaport Chapter 4: Mobile Radio Propagation: Large-Scale Path Loss

    2. 2006 Reflection from Conductors

    3. 2006 Ground Reflection (Two-Ray) Model

    4. 2006 Ground Reflection (Two-Ray) Model

    5. 2006 Ground Reflection (Two-Ray) Model

    6. 2006 Ground Reflection (Two-Ray) Model

    7. 2006 Ground Reflection (Two-Ray) Model

    8. 2006 Ground Reflection (Two-Ray) Model

    9. 2006 Ground Reflection (Two-Ray) Model

    10. 2006 Ground Reflection (Two-Ray) Model

    11. 2006 Ground Reflection (Two-Ray) Model

    12. 2006 Ground Reflection (Two-Ray) Model

    13. 2006 Ground Reflection (Two-Ray) Model

    14. 2006 Diffraction

    15. 2006 Diffraction geometry

    16. 2006 Diffraction geometry

    17. 2006 Contribution of Huygen’s Secondary Sources at the Receiver

    18. 2006 Fresnel Zone Geometry

    19. 2006 Fresnel Zone Geometry

    20. 2006 Fresnel Zone Geometry

    21. 2006 Fresnel Zone Geometry

    22. 2006 Fresnel Zone Geometry

    23. 2006 Knife-Edge Diffraction Model

    24. 2006 Knife-Edge Diffraction Model

    25. 2006 Knife-Edge Diffraction Model

    26. 2006 Fresnel Zone Geometry

    27. 2006 Knife-edge diffraction loss (Summing Secondary Sources)

    28. 2006 Fresnel Zone Geometry

    29. 2006 Fresnel Zone Geometry

    30. 2006 Scattering

    31. 2006 Radar Cross Section Model (RCS Model)

    32. 2006 Radar Cross Section Model (RCS Model)

    33. 2006 SUMMARY

    34. 2006 SUMMARY

    35. 2006 Log-Distance Path Loss Model

    36. 2006 Log-Distance Path Loss Model

    37. 2006 Log-Normal Shadowing

    38. 2006 Log-Normal Shadowing

    39. 2006 Log-Normal Shadowing

    40. 2006 Log-Normal Shadowing

    41. 2006 Determination of Percentage of Coverage Area

    42. 2006 Determination of Percentage of Coverage Area

    43. 2006 Determination of Percentage of Coverage Area

    44. 2006 Determination of Percentage of Coverage Area

    45. 2006 Determination of Percentage of Coverage Area

    46. 2006 Determination of Percentage of Coverage Area

    47. 2006 Determination of Percentage of Coverage Area

    48. 2006 Outdoor Propagation Models Longley Rice Model Point to point communication 40 MHz to100 GHz Different kinds of terrain Median Tx loss predicted by path geometry of terrain profile & Refractivity of troposphere Diffraction losses predicted by? Geometric losses by?

    49. 2006 Outdoor Propagation Models Longley Rice Model Operates in 2 modes Point-to-point mode Area mode prediction Modification Clutter near receiver Doesn’t determine corrections due to environmental factors

    50. 2006 Outdoor Propagation Models Durkin’s Model Computer simulator described for field strength contours of irregular terrain Split into 2 parts, first reconstructs radial path profile & second calculates path loss Rx can move iteratively to establish contour Topographical database can be thought of as 2-dimensional array Each array element corresponds to a point on map & elevation Radial path may not correspond to discrete data points thus interpolation

    51. 2006 2-D Propagation Raster Model

    52. 2006 Representing Propagation

    53. 2006 Height reconstructed by diagonal, vertical & horizontal interpolation methods Reduced to 1 D Now determine whether LOS – difference btw heights and line joining Tx & Rx Positive height difference

    54. 2006 Algorithm for LOS

    55. 2006 Then checks first Fresnel Zone clearance If terrain profile fails first Fresnel Zone Clearance a) non LOS b) LOS but inadequate Fresnel Zone Clearance

    56. 2006 Non-LOS Cases a) Single Diffraction Edge b) Two Diffraction Edges a) Three Diffraction Edges a) More than three Diffraction Edges Method sequentially tests for each Angles btw pine joining Tx & Rx and each point on reconstructed profile. Max angle (di,hi) Angles between line joining Tx & Rx and Tx Antenna to every point on reconstructed profile For single diffraction di=dj

    57. 2006 Multiple Diffraction Computation

    58. 2006 Okumura’s and Hata’s Model

    59. 2006 Hata’s Model Empirical formulation of graphical path loss data Valid from 150 MHz to 1500 MHz. Urban Area Propagation loss as a standard and supplied correction equations for application to other situations hte=30 m to 200m, hre=1m to 10m

    60. 2006 PCS Extension to Hata Model Hata’s model to 2GHz

    61. 2006 ASSIGNMENT Review the Outdoor Propagation Models presented in the slides showing their salient features and how they differentiate from each other.

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