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Computer Crime

Computer Crime. By FUNG Wai-keung Hong Kong Police. Reliability of Computers. Money. Is Web banking reliable? Sample case Impact large enough to deter large corporations to migrate to e-banking

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Computer Crime

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  1. Computer Crime By FUNG Wai-keung Hong Kong Police

  2. Reliability of Computers Money • Is Web banking reliable? • Sample case • Impact large enough to deter large corporations to migrate to e-banking\ • Average bank robbery is $14,000 USD, whilst average Computer theft was more that $2M USD (Association of Certified Fraud Examiners) $ 2,000,000

  3. Profile of a cyber criminal • crimes of concealment and deceit • no violence required (A weakling ?) • needs computer with a little skill • college kids • non organized • no investment needed.

  4. Traditional Enforcement • Evidence used to be paper format, hard evidence - finger print, blood sample, witnesses

  5. Present Evidence • Electronic evidence inside a computer • cyber-trail • pursuance of crime across continents 0100110100101100

  6. Phenomenal with Cyber Crime • Against the culture to report the crime (Rape ?) • Company reputation • Victims don’t know they were robbed until sometime late in time.

  7. Implications for Law Enforcement • Pacing with technology (broadband, WAP …) • Collecting cyber Intelligence (Non traditional) • It is anachronism to testify new technology with outdated Laws from the past, • Acceptance of Electronic evidence

  8. Serious Cyber Crimes • Cyber-terrorism • Information warfare • Infrastructure Attack • Electronic Battlefield

  9. Cyber-Terrorism • In 1996 - Times of London reported several London financial institutions had paid over 400 M to fend off extortionist with logic bomb. • Some of the proceeds went to Russia. • No national border boundary

  10. Information Warfare • In 1994 - two hackers downed a computers in a Air Force Base in Rome N.Y. for 18 days • Sensitive Defense projects with sensitive files were stolen • Use ROME computers to attack NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center and other defence contractor’s computers

  11. Information Warfare • One was arrested in England • All stolen data were still missing • The victim estimated that their Defense systems were attacked about 250,000 times a year • no secret as hackers attacked 130,000 U.S. government sites on 1.1 million hosts in 1997 (National institude of Standards and Technology)

  12. Implications for Law Enforcement • Gathering of evidence (Ethical problem - U.S. Electronic Communications Privacy Act), • Transnational • Time Constrain - legal issue

  13. Implications for Law Enforcement • Non standard interpretation of LAW (Gambling, terrorism - Traditional prerogatives of national sovereignty)

  14. Common HK Cases • Criminal Damage • Obtaining Property by Deception • Publishing Obscene Articles • Cyberstalking • Unauthorised Access to Computer

  15. Case Study (March 1999)

  16. Case Study (May 1999)

  17. End

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