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VOCATIONAL SCHOOL G. Nicolucci

VOCATIONAL SCHOOL G. Nicolucci. Malta. INTRODUCTION

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VOCATIONAL SCHOOL G. Nicolucci

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  1. VOCATIONAL SCHOOLG. Nicolucci

  2. Malta INTRODUCTION Malta is a country in the south of Europe situated in the Mediterranean sea 90 kilometres far from Sicily; it is made up of small islands: Malta, Gozo , Comino, Cominotto e Filfla; only the first three are inhabited. Its surface measures 316 km²; Malta, the largest one, has a surface of 246 km², Gozo of 67 km², Comino of 3 km². The coasts are 197 km long. Malta is an independent republic of the Commonwealth and is a member of the E.U. The capital city is La Valletta.

  3. LAND • Malta is part of the underwater continental shelf of Sicily. The highest part is formed by sedimentary rocks . In the western and southern parts of Malta island the coasts are high, rough and without harbours. In the eastern and northern parts the coast is accessible: there are many sandy or rocky beaches and a lot of bays. The soil isn’t suitable to be cultivated and the tableland is made up of karstic formation with caves and grottoes, like for example the “BLUE GROTTO” and the “CALIPSO GROTTO” on Gozo island.

  4. HYDROGRAPHY • Malta is characterized by the absence of lakes and permanent surface rivers; sometimes small rivers originate from rains. On the contrary there are many springs underground which, formed of calcareous rocks, permits a complicated circulation of waters through tunnels and ravines.

  5. CLIMATE • The climate is Mediterranean with very hot and dry summers, during which the sirocco wind blows, and cool and rainy winters. The average temperature is 19 °C. The atmospheric precipitation reach 560 mm per year.

  6. FLORA AND FAUNA • The prevailing vegetation is the Mediterranean bush ; the most common trees are the carob, the almond, the tamarisk, the fig, the wild olive and the laurel. Among the bushes very common are the rosemary and the thyme. The terrestrial fauna are scarce ( the bat, the hedgehog, the lizard, different types of inoffensive snakes and the snail, but on the contrary the sea ones are very rich: on the bottom of the sea many varieties of fishes live.

  7. ENVIRONEMENTAL PROBLEMS • The quantity of water per person is only of 128 m³ (2002).The water supply, possible thanks to artesian and phreatic wells with suction pumps power-driven by wind-mills is not sufficient to fill the need. The country ratified international agreements concerning air and sea pollution, desertification, preservation of the climate, ozone layer and animals in danger of extinction, abolition of nuclear texts. It also signed, without ratifying them, agreements for the preservation of the bio-diversity and Kyoto protocol.

  8. POPULATION • Inhabitants are about 398,534 (2005), with a density of 1.242 people per km². 92% of the population lives in towns and the quality of life is very good, the average expectation is 78.9 years.

  9. LANGUAGE AND RELIGION • The official languages are Maltese, an Arabian dialect with Italian influences, which, in its written form, uses Latin characters and English, but also Italian is very common. Catholic Church is the prevailing religion (93%).

  10. CULTURE • The educational rate is 93.4% (2005). School is free and compulsory for children from 5 to 16 years old and is organized on the British example. The University, founded in 1769, is situated in the capital city, La Valletta, and houses the Archaeological National Museum with the three famous Venus, simulacrum of the fecundity goddess, and the National Museum of Arts with pictures by Vittore Carpaccio, Perugino, Tintoretto.

  11. REGIONS AND MAIN TOWNS • The Maltese archipelago is divided in 6 regions: Gozo and Comino, Western, Outside Port, inner Port, Northern, South-western. La Valletta, World Heritage Site from 1980, is the most important cultural and administrative centre, as well as the largest port of the country; La Valletta forms an agglomeration with Sliema and Hamrun. Other important towns are Birkirkara, which is the most populated one, Mdina, the old capital city, with an ancient ring of walls and connected to Rabat, its suburb, and the citadel Victoria (named Rabat too till 1897), in Gozo island.

  12. AGRICULTURE AND BREEDING • Farming has a very important role in the economy of the country, although only 2% of the population works in this field, 31.3% of the land is cultivated. Terraced land gives citruses, grape, potatoes vegetables, cereals. Less important is the breeding, limited to farmyard animals and a few head of cattle, goat, sheep.

  13. FISHING • Fishing (2,334 tons per year) is practised mainly for the inner consumption. The most important fishing port is Marsaxlokk, in the homonymous bay. The old ships, with bright colours and eyes drawn on the stem, are still used for sightseeing

  14. INDUSTRY • The 32% of population works in the industry and gives 34.9% of the Gross Inner Product. The dockyard field, firmly supported by the Government, is very important although it has recently had a downturn in production because of the withdrawal of the English Navy. There are also other significant industries: food, textile, tobacco, electronics and chemical. Flourishing is the handicraft of bobbing laces in Gozo .

  15. TRADE AND FINANCES • One of the most important resources of Malta is tourism with 1,127,000 visitors in 2003; Facilities field employs 66% of the labour force of the country and gives about 62% of the Gross Inner Product . The currency is the Maltese lira which is divided in cents.

  16. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION • 2,222 km of roads; Luqa, 10 km from the capital city, international airport; Air Malta the National Airline.

  17. GOVERNMENT • British colony from 1814, Malta obtained its independence in 1964; According to the Constitution of that year and to the following amendments, Malta is a Parliamentary Republic. The Head of the State is the President of the Republic , appointed by the Parliament for a period of 5 years. The Country is member of the Commonwealth and of the E.U..

  18. EXECUTIVE POWER • The executive power is up to the President of the Republic, who appoints a Prime Minister and, suggested from him, a Council of Ministers. The Prime Minister s always the leader of the majority party or alliance.

  19. LEGISLATIVE POWER • The legislative system is based on an unicameral Parliament, the House of Representatives, made up of 65 members elected with universal suffrage for 5 years. All the citizens over 18 years old have the right to vote.

  20. JUDICATORY POWER • The legal system, based partially on the Anglo-Saxon Common Law and partially on the Roman law, contemplates a Constitutional Court and a Superior Court, whose judges are appointed by the President in agreement with the Prime Minister. Death penalty was abolished in 2000.

  21. PARTIES Two are the most important parties of Maltese policy: the National Party and the Labour Party . There are also other parties among which the Green one and Democratic Alternative , but they don’t have Parliamentary representatives.

  22. THE ENTRY INTO THE E.E.C. • With Fenech-Adami’s comeback to the Government in 1998, the negotiations with Bruxelles begun again, ending in December 2002 with the nomination of Malta among the 10 countries appealed to for entering the E.E.C. in 2004. On March 2003, a referendum decreed with 53.65% of favourable votes the entry into the E.E.C. (1st May 2004) and, next month the elections confirmed the parliamentary majority to the National Party. On March 2004 Lawrence Gonzi succeeded to the Government to Fenech-Adami, who was appointed, on April President of the Republic.

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