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Ch. 7: Plant Growth and Reproduction

Ch. 7: Plant Growth and Reproduction. Parasitic Epiphytes. Hemiparasites : Chlorophyll-- water & nutrients from host xylem Ex, Who am I? (Lab #2). Plant Reproduction. Sexual reproduction : genetically varying offspring (via meiosis & fertilization). Plant Reproduction.

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Ch. 7: Plant Growth and Reproduction

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  1. Ch. 7: Plant Growth and Reproduction

  2. Parasitic Epiphytes • Hemiparasites: Chlorophyll-- water & nutrients from host xylem • Ex, Who am I? (Lab #2)

  3. Plant Reproduction • Sexual reproduction: genetically varying offspring (via meiosis & fertilization)

  4. Plant Reproduction • Asexual reproduction: genetically identical offspring (involves mitosis) • Ex, clonal growth (discussed)

  5. Plant Reproduction • Agamospermy: seeds • Exs: some Taraxacum (dandelion), Rubus

  6. Plant Reproduction • Asexual reproduction: genetically identical offspring • Sexual reproduction: genetically varying offspring (via meiosis and fertilization)

  7. Plant Reproduction • Meiosis: reduction division • 2N to 1N

  8. Plant Reproduction • Fertilization: gametes (egg+sperm) form zygote • 1N to 2N Human example….

  9. Plant Life Cycle • Life cycle: Involves 1) meiosis, 2) fertilization, 3) 1N cells, 4) 2N cells

  10. Plant Life Cycle • Sporic meiosis: • 2 bodies, 1 cycle: alternation of generations • Sporophyte 2N, gametophyte 1N

  11. Plant Life Cycle • Gametophyte (1N): gametes BY…..meiosis/mitosis?? Start

  12. Plant Life Cycle • Gametophyte (1N): gametes BY MITOSIS • Fertilization: zygote (2N)

  13. Plant Life Cycle • Zygote to sporophyte (2N): mitosis • Sporophyte: spores BY MEIOSIS

  14. Plant Life Cycle • Zygote to sporophyte (2N): mitosis • Sporophyte: spores BY MEIOSIS • Spore to gametophyte: mitosis End

  15. Plant Life Cycle • Mosses: gametophyte leafy • Sporophyte on gametophyte Granite outcrop lab

  16. Plant Life Cycle Seed plants + ferns: major body = _______ Who am I? (Lab 2) Epiphyte fern Site for sori…. Lab #1? Where other “body”?

  17. Plant Life Cycle • Where gametophytes? • Seed plants: male = pollen grain Ferns

  18. Plant Life Cycle • Female gametophyte (embryo sac): inside ovule Ovules in ovary

  19. Life Cycle • Mature male gametophyte = pollen tube • Fertilization: • Sperm + egg DOUBLE fertilization!

  20. Life Cycle • Zygote: embryo • Endosperm: nutritive • Ovule: becomes seed What’s a seed??

  21. Life Cycle • Seed:

  22. Terms • Flower parts (BIOL 1030) • 4: sepals, petals, stamens, pistil(s) Carpel= Pistil here

  23. Floral variation • Fusing petals • Long-tongued/long-billed pollinators seeds Who am I? (Lab #2)

  24. Floral variation • Stamens & pistils: perfect flowers

  25. Floral variation • Some imperfect. • Pistillate (pistil) or staminate (stamens) Pistillate flowers of Sagittaria Staminate flowers of Sagittaria

  26. Floral variation • Pistillate & carpellate on separate inds.: dioecious (MUST outcross) • Monoecious: both sexes on Cones!

  27. Persimmon fruits Floral variation • Ex. dioecious species: Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana) Pistillate flower Staminate flower

  28. Floral variation • Complete flowers: all 4 parts (sepals, petals, stamens, pistil) • Lack at least 1: incomplete flowers Diospyros?

  29. Floral variation • Group flowers: inflorescence • One type: head • Ex, sunflower (Asteraceae) • Ray flowers: • Disk flowers ray flowers disk flowers

  30. Floral variation • Who am I? (Lab #1) • Inflorescence: white structures = bracts Closeup showing individual greenish flowers Inflorescence

  31. Pollination • Why flowers vary? Many form mutualism w/ animals

  32. Terms • Pollination (flowering plants): transfer Carpel=pistil

  33. Terms • Fertilization: sperm fuses w/ egg (

  34. Pollination • Abiotic: pollen

  35. Wind Pollination • Grasses, temperate trees (Quercus, Carya, Pinus) • Not mutualism A grass Carya

  36. Terms • Biotic pollination: pollen carried by animal--90% flowering plants • Floral visitor: • Pollinator: deposits

  37. Pollination as Mutualism Mutualism (+,+) interaction • Plant gets Reward?

  38. Animal Rewards • Pollen: Renewable…

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