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The Protists Today’s Focus – Animal-Like

The Protists Today’s Focus – Animal-Like. By Evil Evil Evil Mr. Bleecker You Know, the Guy who Marks all your work . Protists – Unicellular Eukaryotes. Protists. Plant-like Animal-like Fungi-like Resemble other Kingdoms Belong to None of them

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The Protists Today’s Focus – Animal-Like

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  1. The ProtistsToday’s Focus – Animal-Like By Evil Evil Evil Mr. Bleecker You Know, the Guy who Marks all your work 

  2. Protists – Unicellular Eukaryotes

  3. Protists • Plant-like • Animal-like • Fungi-like • Resemble other Kingdoms • Belong to None of them • E.g.. A plant cell with no cell wall that swims around photosynthesizing and eating it’s neighbors – whazzup wit dat?!

  4. Animal-Like Protists Classification Scheme • Ciliophora – ciliated • Zoomastigina – flagellated • Sporozoa – spore formers that cannot move • Sarcodina – ameba-like protists

  5. Ciliophora – eg. Paramecium • Solitary or colonial • Uses ciliary beating motion to move around • Cilia also used to help feed

  6. Ciliophora Cell Parts • Cell Membrane • Pellicle – folds of membrane • Gullet – food is swept into this by cilia • Anal Pore • Micro/Macronucleus • Trichocysts – harpoons for attacking prey • Vacuoles 1. Food 2. Water Vacuoles 3. Waste – goes out pore

  7. Reproduction • Binary Fission • Sexual reproduction by meiosis and gamete production also occurs

  8. Zoomastigina • Ecology: Ponds, Lakes • Motion: Flagella • Nutrition: Absorb food through membrane • Reproduction: • Asexually by Binary Fission • Sexually by gamete production (Meiosis) • Diseases: Parasitic – eg. Giardia (Beaver Fever) African Sleeping Sickness – Trympanosoma

  9. Trypanosoma – a Sporozoan Parasite that Causes Sleeping Sickness – Invading Red Blood Cells

  10. Flagellar Advancements are Amazing • Tubulin Protein units • 9+2 Arrangement • Not seen in bacteria in this level of complexity with protein units • Swimming “beat” vs. the “corkscrew motion” of prokaryotic flagella

  11. Here’s How Cilia and Flagella work – Sweeping Motions

  12. Sporozoa = Spore Forming Protists • Ecology: Parasites found living on birds, worms, insects, fish, humans • Motion: None • Nutrition: Parasitic – Actively absorb food through membrane • Reproduction: • Asexually by Binary Fission • Sexually by gamete production (Meiosis) • Diseases: Plasmodiumvivax causes Malaria

  13. Anopholes Mosquito has P. Vivax living in its gut lining

  14. Sarcodina = “Jelly” • Ecology: Streams, Lakes • Motion: Cytoplasmic streaming by Pseudopods • Nutrition: Heterotrophic/Parasitic – Actively absorb food through membrane • Reproduction: • Sexually by gamete production (Meiosis) • Diseases: Amebic Dysentery • Notables: Some Sarcodines have a crystal casing 

  15. An Amoeba – so Cute 

  16. Why we Never Drink in the Lab  What the?! Hey! This is lemonade! Where’s my vial of Amebic Dysentery!?

  17. The Sarcodines are Responsible for Crystal Deposits in Ocean Sand • SiO2 – silicon dioxide shells. Pretty and used extensively in cosmetics. • CaCO3 – calcium carbonate shells, from foraminerferans, that form a large component of the White Cliffs of Dover in England 

  18. The ProtistsDay Two – Plant-Like By Evil Evil Evil Mr. Bleecker You Know, the Guy who Marks all your work 

  19. Now that you are a protozoan pro, do you remember the next group of protists – those that make their own food? Plant-like protists

  20. The Plant-Like Protists The main phyla of these plant-like protists you’ll examine are: • Euglenaphyta (Euglena) • Pyrrophyta (Dinoflagellates) • Chrysophyta (Diatoms or Golden Algae) • Slime Molds (Fungus-like) Let’s take a look…

  21. The euglena performs photosynthesis like a plant, but has a flagellum and moves around like a protozoan – cool! Euglena http://www.bgbm.org/kusber/images/euglena.gif

  22. Euglenophyta – Flagellated ProtistsEuglena

  23. Dinoflagellates • have 2 flagella that make them spin; some can secrete dangerous toxins – one example is the red tides caused by Pfiesteria, which lead to fish kills http://www.infectiousdiseasenews.com/199906/S9a06587.gif

  24. Red Tide caused by the Dinoflagellate - Gymnodiniumbreve

  25. Chrysophyta – the Diatoms This phylum of algae is noted for its symmetry and beautiful glass shells Called phylum chrysophata after their beautiful “crystalline” shells

  26. The Slime molds • Slime molds obtain food through decomposition of organic material • This is a slime mold --commonly found on grass. It’s called the dog vomit slime mold – eewww, gross!

  27. Endosymbiotic Theory • The theory that critters took up permanent residence in cells, forming a symbiosis • Ex. Chloroplasts & Mitochondria • But the list is actually larger (potentially)

  28. Matching:match each protozoan with it’s mode of locomotion Cilia (ciliaphora) Flagella (mastigophora) Pseudopod (sarcodina) Click to see the correct answers What protozoan doesn’t move? Click again to see answer… Sporozoa

  29. No, but you can start 18.3 #1 to 4Bring your lab books tomorrow!!

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