The Competitive City-State in the Global Economy:

1. The Competitive City-State in the Global Economy: The Evolving Role of the University

2. City-State • City•state — n. — A region consisting of one or more historic central cities surrounded by cities and towns which have a shared identification, function as a single zone for trade, commerce and communication, and are characterized by social, economic and environmental interdependence. • “Across America and across the globe, citistates are emerging as the critical focus of economic activity, of governance, of social organization—now and for the century to come” – Citistates, by Neal R. Pierce, Curtis W. Johnson & John Stuart Hall

3. In Demand: Massive Shift to Urban Areas • The world’s urban population is now growing by 60 million persons per year, about three times the increase in the rural population. • The world’s urban population could double from 2.6 billion in 1995 to 5.2 billion in 2025.

4. World Urbanization Trends 1950-2030 The urban share of the world’s population has grown from 30% in 1950 to an estimated 47% in 2000

5. Megacities Growing regional competition is based on Growing urban competition • Roughly 36 cities around the world will have over 8 million inhabitants by 2015, and most of them will be in developing countries • Urban-led growth on national and international scales

6. City-States: The Key Economic Unit • Key economic unit throughout much of human history • City-States are organic and they evolve: • A labor market • A commute-shed • A broadcast area • A communication hub • An economic unit

7. Megacities - MegaClusters Clusters of innovation – geographically close groups of interconnected companies and associated institutions in a particular field, linked by common technologies and skills. • Innovation - Productivity Growth • Networks - Spillovers - Co-location - Geographic concentration – Clusters of Innovation, by Michael E. Porter

8. Economic Drivers • Knowledge production • Creativity • Innovation • Science and Technology

9. Capital in the Evolving City-State • Creative Capital • Knowledge Capital • Human Capital • Social Capital • Financial Capital • Natural Capital

10. Winner-Take-All Competition:Global City-States Global trade + Global capital flows + Global talent flows = Global competition

11. Universities Provide for the Core of the City-State • University discoveries underpin many of the major knowledge-based industries over the past two centuries • Universities anchor clusters of innovation • Generate creative capital • Generate knowledge capital • Train human capital • Build social capital • Attract financial capital • Preserve natural capital

12. Universities Drive Innovation • Spur the creation, or ‘spin-off’ of new firms based on the R&D activities at the university • Enable ‘social networks’ that encourage technical graduates to stay in the region, and that generate increasingly more high-tech entrepreneurial activity within the region

13. The Evolving University • The University Must Embrace its Cultural, Socioeconomic, and Physical Setting • The University Must Become a Force, and Not Only a Place • The University as Entrepreneur • Pasteur’s Principle • Intellectual Fusion • Social Embeddedness • Global Engagement

14. City-States: Global Competition and the Role of the University Universities Provide Leadership for the City-State: • Conceptual • Human Capital

15. City-States: Global Competition and the Role of the University Major actors in the global city-state network: • Local networks • Global networks • Competition – Cooperation

16. City-States: Global Competition and the Role of the University Universities must ask the tough questions and provide tomorrow’s answers: What will the City-State of the future look like?