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Human Rights

Human Rights. Krishna Jeevi Ghimire Joint Attorney. Highlights of Presentation. Meaning and Concept. Major Int. Instruments. Status of Implementation. Discussion,Question and Answers. Nepalese Perspective. UN Human Rights System. 1.What is Human Right?.

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Human Rights

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  1. Human Rights Krishna JeeviGhimire Joint Attorney

  2. Highlights of Presentation Meaning and Concept Major Int. Instruments Status of Implementation Discussion,Question and Answers Nepalese Perspective UN Human Rights System

  3. 1.What is Human Right? • All human beings are born equal. They are equal in dignity and respect. Each individual has the right to live decently • Everyone has the right to work for a living. Individuals have the right to move freely anywhere in the world. They have the right to speak in their language. They have the right to live according to their culture and tradition. • These basic rightsof mankind were described as natural rights in the 17th century

  4. Continue… • They became legal and Rights of Man in the 18th Century. They were gradually written into the national constitutions • The French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen of 1789 and the American Bill of Rights of 1791are certain examples • A number of independent states adopted these principles in the 19th century. Later social and economic rights of man also came to be recognized • These are now known as Human Rights

  5. s[i0fhLjL l3ld/]

  6. Basis/Foundation

  7. Principles

  8. Concept/Definition

  9. 2.Major International Human Rights Instruments The International Bill of Human Rights • Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 • International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 1966 • International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966 • Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966 • Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the Death Penalty 1989 Prevention of Discrimination • International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination 1966 • Optional Declaration on Communications in Article 14

  10. Continue… • International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid 1973 • International Convention against Apartheid in Sports 1985 • Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities (Adopted 1992) Rights of Women • Convention on the Political Rights of Women • Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979 Rights of the Child • Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989

  11. Continue… Slavery and Forced labor • Slavery Convention 1926 • Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others 1949 • Protocol amending the Slavery Convention 1953 • Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade and Institutions and Practices similar to Slavery 1956 Human Rights in the Administration of Justice • Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment 1984 • Optional Declarations under Articles 21.1 and 22.1

  12. Other Instruments… • Convention on Consent to Marriage, Minimum Age for Marriage and Registration of Marriages 1962 • Convention on the Protection of the Rights of all Migrant Workers and Members of their Families 1990 • Convention relating to the Status of Refugees 1951 • Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons 1954 • Convention on the Nationality of Married Women 1957

  13. Continue… • Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness 1961Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees 1967 • Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide 1948 • Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity 1968 • Geneva Convention 1949 • Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II) 1977

  14. Regional Instruments • The African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, 1981 • The African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, 1990 • Provides 1.Civil and political rights 2. Economic, social and cultural rights 3. Collective rights 4. Individual duties • The American Convention on Human Rights,1969, and its Protocols of 1988 and 1990, provides 1st and 2nd rights • The Inter-American Convention to Prevent and Punish Torture, 1985 • The Inter-American Convention on Forced Disappearance of Persons,1994 • The Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment and Eradication of Violence against Women, 1994

  15. Continue… • The European Convention on Human Rights, 1950, and its Protocols (Provide civil and political rights) • The European Social Charter, 1961, and its Protocols of 1988, 1991 and 1995 (provide economic, social and cultural rights) • The European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, 1987 • The Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, 1995 • SAARC Convention on Preventing and Combating Trafficking in Women and Children for Prostitution, 2002 • SAARC Convention on Regional Arrangements for the promotion of Child Welfare in South Asia, 2002

  16. Status of International Instruments • Jus Cogens • Pactasuntservanda • Rebus sic stantibus • Monism v Dualism • Vienna Convention on the law of Treaties • Recent development

  17. 3.United Nations Human Rights System

  18. Continue… • There are several mechanisms within the UN for the enforcement of human rights in case of its violation by any individual, org or by any state • These mechanisms may be under Treaty-Based Body or may be under Charter-Based Body

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  22. $=@ /fhgLltsclwsf/x? • 3f]if0ffkqsf] wf/f @) tyf @! df ;+lxtfs/0f • zflGtk"0f{ tj/n] e]nfx'g] tyf ;+3–;+:yfvf]Ng] :jtGqtf, • s;}nfO{ hj/h:tL s'g} ;+u7gsf] ;b:otf agfpgjfWogu/fOg], • k|ltlglwx?sf] lgjf{rg u/]/ jfk|ToIf ?kdf ;/sf/L sfdsf/jfOdfefulng] :jtGqtf, • ;dfg ?kdflghfdtLtyf ;fj{hlgs ;]jfdfk|j]z kfOg], • hg–OR5f s'g} klg ;/sf/sf] ;Qfsf] cfwf/ x'g] • ;do;dodflgjf{rg u/fpg] cflbclwsf/ / :jtGqtf

  23. $=# cfly{s, ;fdflhsPj+ ;f+:s[ltsclwsf/x?

  24. $=$ ljsf;sf] clwsf/ • ljsf;sf] clwsf/ klgdfgjclwsf/sf] t];|f] k'':tfsf] clwsf/ xf] • ljsf; kfpg] s''/f clxn] clwsf/sf] ?kdf /x]sf] / of] laifodfgjclwsf/sf] Ps cGt/a:t''sf] ?kdfklg /x]sf] 5 • dfgjsf] dof{bf, ;Ddfg / cfly{s, ;fdflhsnufot ;jf{lu+0f ;a[4tfsfnflu ljsf;sf] clwsf/ cfjZos • ;Ddfgk""j{s hLjgofkgug{ kfpg] cj:yfsf] ;du|tfg} ljsf;sf] clwsf/ • ;+o''Qm /fi6«;+3Lo ljsf;sf] clwsf/sf] 3f]if0ffkq !(*^ n] ljsf;sf] clwsf/sf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] , of] 3f]if0ffkq UN n] k|:tfj g+ $!. !@* af6 kfl/t

  25. qmdzM • ;Dk""0f{ AolQmsf] ;Ddfgk""0f{ hLjgofkgsfnfluul/g] ;''wf/sfsfo{dfx''g] ;ls|o / lg0ff{os ;xeflutftyf To;af6 k|fKtk|ltkmnsf] Goflosljt/0fsf] nflulg/Gt/ ;+rfngul/g] cfl{y{s ;fdflhs / /fhg}ltsk|s[of egLljsf;sf] clwsf/ ;DaGwL ;+o''Qm/fi6«sf] 3f]if0ffkq, !(*^ dfelgPsf] . • ljsf;sf] clwsf/ ljZjJofkL / cljefHoclwsf/ xf] . of] cfwf/e"tdfgjclwsf/ sf] Ps cljlR5GGf c+uklgxf] . dfgj g} ljsf;sf] s]Gb|ljGb' xf] . • dfgjclwsf/ ;DaGwLclkm|sg rf6{/dfklgljsf;sf] clwsf/ pNn]v 5 . • ljsf;sf] clwsf/ ;d""x clwsf/ xf] . • leogfsf] !((# sf] dfgjclwsf/ ;Dd]ngn] klgljsf;sf] clwsf/nfO{ k'''gMpNn]v u/]sf] / laleGgcGt/fli6«o b:tfa]hdfpNn]v .

  26. ljsf;sf] clwsf/sfljljwkIfx? • ljsf;sfsfddf :jtGq,;ls|o / k|efjsf/L ?kdf ;xefuLx''gkfpg] clwsf/ • ljsf;sf] clwsf/sf] k|d''v s]Gb|laGb'' aGgkfpg] clwsf/ • ljsf;sf] k|ltkmnsf] Gofof]lrt lx:;f kfpg] clwsf/ • ljsf;dfclje]bsf] clwsf/ • k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwgsf] pkof]udf ;fj{ef}d / cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/ • ;Ddfgk""0f{ dfgjhLjgofkgsf] clwsf/

  27. ljsf;dfclwsf/afbL b[li6sf]0f (Rights Based Approach to Development) • of] gjLgcjwf/0ff xf] • clwsf/d"lvcjwf/0ffn] ljsf; k|s[ofdfhgtfsf] cy{k"""0f{ ;xeflutf;[hgfub{5 • ljsf; of]hgfk|s[ofdfdfgjclwsf/sf] ;jfnnfO{ uf:g rfxG5 h''gljutdflyPg • o;n] hgtfsfclwsf/ ;+/If0f / k|a4{g ug{ ;Ifdagfpg ;zlQms/0f klgug{ rfxG5 • ljsf; ultlalwdfgjsf] :jtGqtf / ;Ddfgsf] ljsf; ;''/IfLtug''{k5{ eGg] dfG5 • ljsf;sfk|s[ofnfO{ sfg''gsf] 3]/fdfNofpg rfxG5 • of] cjwf/0ffn] ljsf; gful/ssf] clwsf/ eGg] dfG5 / hgtfsf] ;G6''li6, hLjg:t/ x]/]/ ljsf; sfo{ ug''{kg]{ / cGt/fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ :6fG88{ cg'';f/ ljsf; sfo{s|d to ug''{k5{ eGg] dfGotf /fV5 • clwsf/x? sfof{Gjogdf cbfntaf6 x]l/g''kg]{ jfpkrf/sf] ck]Iffklg u5{

  28. ljsf;dfclwsf/jfbL b[li6sf]0fdf cfTd;ftul/g] dfgjclwsf/sfd"No / l;4fGt • ljsf;sfk|To]s r/0f h:t}, cj:yfd''Nofs+g, of]hgfth'''{df, sfof{Gjog, ;''wf/ cfbLdf ;xeflutfpkof]ustf{sf] ;xeflutf • hgtfnfO{ clwsf/ ;DkGg / ;/sf/ st{Aolgjf{xstf{sf] ?kdflnO{ ;/sf/n] lhDd]jf/L lgjf{x ug''{kg]{ • clje]b • zzlQms/0f • sfg'''gsf] zf;gsfnflusfg''gL ;+/rgf • dfgjclwsf/sf] ;j{Aofkstf • dfgjclwsf/aLrPsfk;dfcGt/lge{/tf

  29. ljsf; / dfgjclwsf/sf] ;DaGw • dflg;sfcfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f:s[ltsk|s[ltsf g};lu{s clwsf/nfO{ /fHon] ljsf;sf ls|ofsnfkaf6 ;+af]wgug''{ k5{ . • oLclwsf/sf] ;''lglZrttfjf ;+af]wggePljsf; x''b}g, sLgsLljsf; cfly{s a[l4 dfqxf]Og . • ljsf;sf] p2]Zohgtfsf] hLjg:t/ ;''wf/ ug''{ xf]eg] dfgjclwsf/n] dfgjsf] dof{bf / ;Ddfg rfxG5,hgtfsf] hLjg:t/ ;''wf/ geP;Dddfgj ;Ddfg / dof{bf sfodx''g ;Sb}g . • ljsf;sfultlalwdfdfgjclwsf/sf] ljifosf] pk]Iffn] dfjjljsf;sf] p2]Zo ;kmnx''g ;Sb}g . • lbuf] dfgjljsf;sfnfluljsf;sfultlalwx?dfdfgjclwsf/sfd''No, dfGotf / l;4fGtsf] cfTd;ftubf{ ;kmntfk|fKt x''G5 . • ljsf;dfpkof]ustf{sf] ;xeflutfdfgjclwsf/sf] kIfePsf] / o;n] ljsf; sfo{dfhgtfsf] :jfldTjsf] efjgfljsf; u/L ljsf; sfo{df ;kmntfk|fKt x''G5 . • ljsf;n] AolQm , ;dfh , /fi6\| / ljZjnfO{g} cu|ultdf cuf8L a9fp5 , ljsf;sfnfluklgdfgjclwsf/ cfjZos dflgG5 .

  30. ljsf;n] dfgjsf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f:s[ltsnufotAolQmsf] ax''kIfLo x}l;ot / hLjg:t/nfO{ dfly p7fp5 hf] dfgjclwsf/sf] klg ;/f]sf/ xf] . • ljsf; / dfgjsf] hLjg:t/df ;''wf/sfnfluklgdfgjclwsf/ cfjZos x''G5 . • dfgjclwsf/sf] ;''lglZrttfsf] cefjdf ck]IfLt ?kdfljsf;sf] sNkgfug{ ;lsb}g . • ljsf;sf] clwsf/ klgdfgjclwsf/sf] t];|f] k'':tfsf] clwsf/ xf] , o;}n] ljsf; kfpg] s''/f clxn] clwsf/sf] ?kdf /x]sf] / of] laifodfgjclwsf/sf] Ps cGt/a:t''sf] ?kdfklg /x]sf] 5 . • dfgjclwsf/, / ljsf;sf] ;DaGwdfgj sNof0f;+u /x]sf] x''G5 . • lzIffsf] clwsf/, :jf:yosf] clwsf/,afnclwsf/, dlxnfx?sf] clwsf/ h:tf dfgjclwsf/sflaifoljsf;;+u k|ToIf ;DalGwt 5g\ , oLlaifob''j}sf ;femf ;/f]sf/sflaifox''g\ . • ljsf;sfljljwkIfx? cGt/f{li6«o dfgjclwsf/ sfg''g / ;+lawfgdfklgAoa:yf u/]sf] kfOG5 h;sf] /fHon] sfof{Gjogug''{kg]{ / ljsf; ;DaGwLgLlt to ubf{ /fHon] oL b:tfa]hsfAoa:yfcfTd;ftug''{k5{ . • ljsf; lagfdfgjclwsf/sf] k""0f{ k|a4{g ;+ejx''b}g , dfgjclwsf/sf] pkof]usf] Aoaxfl/s k|Tofe""ltljsf; ePdfqx''g ;S5 . h:t} 8fS6/ jf c:ktfnsf] ljsf; ePdfdfq :jf:yosf] xssf] k|Tofe""ltx'''g ;S5 .

  31. 5. Human Rights & National Law

  32. International Human Rights Instruments and Nepal

  33. ^= dfgjclwsf/;DaGwL ;+j}wflgsJoj:yf-g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^#_ • g]=c=;+=@)^# sf] efu # dfdf}lnsxscGtu{t wf/f !@ b]lv #@ ;Dds'n @! j6f df}ns xssf] pNn]v . • ;flassf] g]kfnclw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& sf] eGbf & j6f gofFdf}lnsxssf] Joj:yf • wf/f !@ M :jtGqtfsf] xs • wf/f !# M ;dfgtfsf] xs • wf/f !$ M 5'jf5't tyfhftLo e]befjlj?Wbsf] xs • wf/f !% M k|sfzg, k|;f/0f tyf 5fkfvfgf;DaGwL xs • wf/f !^ M jftfj/0f tyf :jf:Yo;DaGwLxs -;j{k|yd_ • wf/f !& M lzIfftyf ;+:s[lt;DaGwLxs

  34. qmdzM • wf/f !* M /f]huf/L tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff;DaGwLxs -;j{k|yd_ • wf/f !( M ;+klQsf] xs • wf/f @) M dlxnfsf] xs -;j{k|yd_ • wf/f @! M ;fdflhsGofosf] xs -;j{k|yd_ • wf/f @@ M afnaflnsfsf] xs -;j{k|yd_ • wf/f @# M wd{;DaGwLxs • wf/f @$ M Gofo;DaGwLxs • wf/f @% M lgjf/s gh/aGblj?Wbsf] xs • wf/f @^ M oftgflj?Wbsf] xs -;j{k|yd–@)$& sf] ;+ljwfgdfkmf}Hbf/L Gofosf] xsleq ;dfj]z ul/Psf]dfxfn a]Un} wf/fdfk|aGwul/Psf]_

  35. qmdzM wf/f @& M ;"rgfsf] xs wf/f @* M uf]kgLotfsf] xs wf/f @( M zf]if0flj?Wbsf] xs wf/f #) M >d;DaGwLxs -;j{k|yd_ wf/f #! M b]zlgsfnflj?Wbsf] xs wf/f #@ M ;++j}wflgspkrf/sf] xs o;afx]s, ;+ljwfgsf] k|:tfjgfd} gful/s :jTfGqtf, df}lnsclwsf/ / dfgjclwsf/ Pj+ nf]stflGqsd"NodfGotfk|lt k"0f{ k|ltAfWbtfhgfOPsf] 5 . ;fy}, ;+ljwfgsf] efu $ df /fHosf] lgb]{zsl;WbfGt / gLltcGtu{t;d]t wf/f ##, #$ / #% dfdfgjclwsf/ ;'lglZrttfsf cg]sf}+ Joj:yfx? ul/Psf] 5 .

  36. qmdzM • ;+ljwfgsf] efu !%, wf/f !#! Dffdfgjclwsf/ ;+/If0fsf] /fli6«o lgsfosf] ?kdf /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf] Joj:yf • /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ -wf/f !#@_ M • s'g} JolQmjf ;d"xsf] dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3g jfTo;sf] b'?T;fxgePsf]df kLl8t JolQmcfkm}+ jflghsf] tkm{af6 s;}n] cfof]u ;dIf k|:t'tjf k|]lift u/]sf] lgj]bgjf ph'/L jfs'g} ;|f]taf6 cfof]unfO{ k|fKtePsf] hfgsf/L jfcfof]usf] cfˆg} :jljj]sdfTo;sf] 5fglag tyfcg';Gwfg u/L bf]ifLpk/ sf/afxLug{ l;kmfl/; ug{] .

  37. qmdzM • dfgjclwsf/sf] pNnª\3g x'gaf6 /f]Sg] lhDd]jf/L jfst{Jo ePsf] kbflwsf/Ln] cfˆgf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f gu/]dfjfst{Jo kfnggu/]dfjflhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{ jfst{Jo kfngfug{ pbfl;gtf b]vfPdfTo:tf] kbflwsf/L pk/ ljefuLosf/afxLug{ ;DalGwtclwsf/L ;dIfl;kmfl/; ug{], • dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3g ug{] JolQmsf lj?4 d'2f rnfpg' kg{] cfjZostfePdfsfg"gadf]lhdcbfntdf d'2f bfo/ ug{ l;kmfl/; ug{], • dfgjclwsf/sf] ;r]tgfclej[l4 ug{ gful/s ;dfh;Fu ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ ug{],

  38. qmdzM • dfgjclwsf/sf] pNnª\3gstf{nfO{ ljefuLosf/afxLtyf ;hfoug{ sf/0f / cfwf/ v'nfO{ ;DalGwtlgsfo ;dIfl;kmfl/; ug]{, • dfgjclwsf/;Fu ;DalGwtk|rlntsfg"gsf] cfjlws ¿kdfk'g/fjnf]sgug{] tyfTo;dfug'{ kg{] ;'wf/ tyf ;+zf]wgsf ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIfl;kmfl/; ug{], • dfgjclwsf/;Fu ;DalGwtcGt/f{li6«o ;lGwjf ;Demf}tfsf] g]kfnkIfaGg' kg{] ePdfTo;sf] sf/0f;lxt g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{] / kIfalg;s]sf ;lGwjf ;Demf}tfsf] sfof{GjogePjfgePsf] cg'udg u/L sfof{GjoggePsf] kfOPdf ;f]sf] sfof{Gjogug{ g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIfl;kmfl/; ug{],

  39. qmdzM • dfgjclwsf/sf] pNnª\3gsf ;DaGwdf /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]un] u/]sf] l;kmfl/; jflgb{]zgkfngfjfsfof{Gjoggug{] kbflwsf/L, JolQmjflgsfosf] gfdsfg"gadf]lhd ;fj{hlgs u/L dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3gstf{sf] ¿kdfclen]v ug{] . • jflif{s k|ltj]b]g -wf/f !##_ M o; ;+ljwfgadf]lhd /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]un] cfk"mn] u/]sf] sfdsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg /fi6«klt ;dIf k]z ug{]5 / /fi6«kltn] k|wfgdGqLdfkm{t To:tf] k|ltj]bgJoj:yflksf–;+;b ;dIf k]z ug]{ Joj:yfug{]5 .

  40. g]kfndfdfgjclwsf/sf] If]qdf ;+:yfutJoj:yf • /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]u • Joj:yflksf ;+;bsf] dfgjclwsf/ ;ldlt • ;jf]{Rrcbfnt • dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{no • k|wfgdGqLtyfdGqLkl/ifbsf] sfof{nol:ytdfgjclwsf/ dxfzfvf • /fli6«o dlxnfcfof]u, /fli6«o blntcfof]u, d'l:ndcfof]u, ;'b"/klZrdljsf; cfof]u, ckfËdxf;+3 • dlxnf, afnaflnsftyf ;dfhsNof0f dGqfno • g]kfnk|x/L • OG;]s, OGx'/]8, df;d, PDg]i6L OG6/g]zgn, /]8qm; cflb /fli6«o, cGt/f{li6o u}=;=;

  41. dfgjclwsf/ ;DaGwLd'Vosfg'gLJoj:yf M /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]u P]g, @)^* • k|:tfjgf Mdfgjclwsf/sf] ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g tyfTo;sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{GjognfO{ ;'lglZrtug{ /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo, clwsf/ tyfsfo{ljlwsf] ;DaGwdfsfg"gLJoj:yfug{ jf~5gLo ePsf]n] . • Dffgjclwsf/sf] kl/efiff M ædfgjclwsf/Æ eGgfn] JolQmsf] hLjg, :jtGqtf, ;dfgtf / dof{bf;Fu ;DalGwt ;+ljwfgtyfcGok|rlntsfg"gåf/f k|bfgul/Psfclwsf/ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] g]kfnkIfePsf] dfgjclwsf/ ;DaGwLcGt/f{li6«o ;lGwdflglxtclwsf/ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

  42. &= g]kfndfdfgjclwsf/ ;+/If0fsf xfFsx? • /fhLltscl:y/tf / nlDaFbf] ;+qmd0fsfn • Dffgjclwsf/ ;+/If0fdf /fhgLlts O{R5fzlQmsf] sdL • slxn] ;+;b /xg] t slxn] g/xg] l:ylt • :yfgLolgsfox? ljut @@ jif{b]lvhgk|ltlgwljxLg /x]sfsf/0f :yfgLotxdf ;dfj]lztf / ;zlQms/0fdf cj/f]w • dfgjclwsf/ pNn+3gstf{ /fHo / u}/ /fHokIfpk/ sf/jfxLdfpbf;Lgtf, clwsf/ k'g:yf{kgfsfnfluvlr{nf] / emGeml6nf] Gofok|s[of • ljutsfdlNnscfof]u / /fodfemLcfof]usfk|ltj]bgsfof{Gjogug{ g;lsPsf] cj:yf • b08xLgtfsf] k|jw{g, cGt/f{li6«o k|ltaWbtfx?sf] sdhf]/ sfof{Gjog

  43. *= dfgjclwsf/sf] k|efjsf/L ;+/If0f s;/L < • :yfoL ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0fdfkm{t /fhgLlts l:y/tf • /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf] ;anLs/0f • :yfgLolgsfosf] zL3| lgjf{rg, :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] ;'b[9Ls/0f • dfgjclwsf/ ;++/If0f / pNn+3gstf{x?nfO{ bl08t ug{ /fhgLlts ;xdlt, k|ltaWbtf • cGt/f{li6«o k|ltaWbtfx?sf] ;fdlossfof{Gjog • b08xLgtfsf] cGTo, sfg'gL /fhsf] k|Tofe"lt • clwsf/d'vL 9+un] Goflosk|s[ofsf] ;/nLs/0f • /fhgLlt / ck/fwsf] ;xofqfsf] ;dflKt • /fHosf] Ifdtf, ;fdflhs agfj6, gful/ssf] r]tgf:t/ cflb x]/]/dfqdxf;lGwx?sf] cg'df]bgjfkIfaGg] k|s[ofsf] yfngL

  44. 9. S.C. decisions regarding HR Instruments • g]kfnn] cg'df]bgul/;s]sf] g]kfnkIfePsf] s'g} ;lGwdfJoj:yfePsf] s'/f k|rlnt g]kfnsfg"g;+u‘ aflemPdf ;f] aflemPsf] xb;Ddk|rlnt g]kfnsfg"gcdfGox'g]5 / tT;DaGwdf ;lGwsf] Joj:yf g]kfnsfg"g ;/x nfu" x'g]5 eGg] Joj:yfk|rlnt g]kfnsfg"gn] u/]af6 g]kfnn] cg'df]bg u/]sf] ;lGw, ;Demf}tf , k|lt1fkqsf] s'/fx?nfO{ xfd|f] h:tf] k|hftflGqsJoj:yfckgfPsf] b]zn] qmdzMsfof{Gjogub}{ hfg'kg]} s'/fnfO{ gsfg{ gldNg]-;kgfk|wfgdNnlj d=k= ;lrjfno, g]sfk @)^! lg=g+= &#%*) • g]kfnkIfePsf] ;lGw ;Demf}tf /fli6«o sfg"g ;/x nfu" x'g] / To:tf ;lGw ;Demf}tf;+u /fli6«o sfg"gaflemPdf /fli6«o sfg"g g} cdfGox'g] ;d]tsf] kl/k|]Iodf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/L / dxf;GwLsf] /fli6«o :t/dfsfof{Gjogsf] nflu ;lGw P]gsf] plNnlvtbkmf ( -@_ ;d]tnfO{ ljrf/ ubf{ h]g]efdxf;lGwsf] sfof{Gjogsf] nfluTo;sf] efjgfcg'?k /fli6«o sfg"gagfOg'kg]{ s'/fsf] pko'Qmtf / cfjZostf /x]sf] b]lvg]-/fhf/fd 9sfn ljdk;_

  45. afnclwsf/ dxf;lGwsf] wf/f !%-!_ n] afnaflnsfsf] ;+u7g vf]Ng] clwsf/ / zflGtk"j{s e]nfx'g] clwsf/ ;'lglZrt u/] cg'?kpQmclwsf/dfk|ltaGwnufpgldNb}g -ltnf]Qdkf}8]n lj= u[x d+_ • ;g\ !($* sf] dfgjclwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ff, ;g\ !(&( sf] dlxnf lj?4 x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf] e]befjpGd"ng ;DaGwLdxf;lGwn] sfg"gsf] b[li6df dlxnfnfO{ k'?if ;/xsf] ;dfgJojxf/ ug'{kg]{ s'/fnfO{ :jLsf/]sf , g]kfn ;lGw P]g, @)$& sf] bkmf ( n] o:tf dfgjclwsf/ ;DjGwL ;lGwnfO{ ;dfGosfg"geGbfdflyNnf] >]0fLdf /fvLltgsf] sfof{GjognfO{ ;/n / l56f] 5l/tf] agfPsf] dfGg ;lsG5 -l/gfah|frfo{ ;d]t lj=d=k=;_ • dfgjclwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0fkq !($* sf] wf/f %, gful/s tyf /fhg}ltsclwsf/ ;DjGwLdxf;GwL , !(^^sf] wf/f & , jfnclwsf/ ;DjGwLdxf;GwL , !(*( sf] wf/f !(, @*-@_ / #& / oftgf / cGoqm"/ cdfgljo / ckdfghgsJojxf/ jf ;hfo lj?4sf] dxf;GwL , !($* sf] wf/f ! / $ n] h'g;'s} k|sf/sfoftgf,cdfgljo /

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