Ⅰ. Origin of the Third-party Market Cooperation

1. The Way of Innovation and Win-Win: China-Japan-Thailand Trilateral CooperationProf.ZhuZhenmingYunnan Academy of Social Sciences，China

2. Ⅰ. Origin of the Third-party Market Cooperation • During Chinese premier Li Kenning visited to Japan in May 2018 ,both sides reached a series of consensus, one of which is that both sides jointly exploring third-party market . • The idea of third-party market cooperation first appeared in the China-French joint statement on third-party market cooperation officially issued by both governments in June 2015.

3. This new model of international cooperation effectively combines China’s superior production capacity, advanced technologies of developed countries and the development needs of developing countries together , to realize the “ three parties win-win". • Thailand is preferred as third-party cooperation partner by two sides . This marks the beginning of trilateral cooperation among China, Japan and Thailand.

4. Ⅱ.The Significance of China-Japanese Cooperation in Expanding the Third-party Market • First, it can achieve complementary advantages between China and Japan. • China and Japan have various advantages in capital, technology and talents. Chinese enterprises have strong market capacity, global strategic operation capacity and application-oriented innovation capacity, while Japanese enterprises have strong  strength in the field of basis research innovation , so advantages of two sides in cooperation conduce to explore the third-party mark. • Second，it can avoid unnecessary competition. • Cooperation between China and Japan to develop the third-party market is able to effectively restrain the unnecessary competition, moreover, will be helpful to promote mutual benefit and win-win .

5. Third,it promotes the healthy development of China-Japan relations. • China-Japan third-party market cooperation becomes a signs that relations between China and Japan move from competition to coordination , promotes the development of China-Japan relations. China -Japan relations is entering an era of translating competition into coordination. • Fourth,it helps and promotes third-party economic development. • With the support of capital, superior production capacity and advanced technology from China and Japan, the third-party market can develop faster. • Fifth , it is conducive to maintaining the international economic order . • China and Japan are the world's second and third largest economies, and both cooperation will have a positive impact on resisting unilateralism and protectionism.

6. Sixth，it will push forward regional cooperation . • China and Japan's third-party market cooperation is not only conducive to their respective economic growth , but also conducive to regional development. • Seventh, it will promote development of China-Japan-Thailand relations and achieve three-parties win-win. • Although China and Japan's third-party market cooperation mainly involves the economic cooperation among the three parties, it has positive significance to the development of China-Japan-Thailand relations and the win-win cooperation among the three parties.

7. Ⅲ. China-Japan’s Cooperation in the Third-party Market and Thailand • In China-Japan’s cooperation in the third-party market , Thailand is the preferred partner. This choice has its rationality, and both history and reality are taken into account. • China and Japan sides have close ties with Thailand ,which dates back to the over one thousand year in history. Both sides maintained friendly relations with Thailand for many years. • Both sides have been close economic partners of Thailand.China has become Thailand’s largest trading partner and No.1 source of tourists, while Thailand is China’s third largest trading partner in ASEAN countries.

8. Japan remains the biggest investor in Thailand, accounting for 70% of all foreign investment. • Japan is also Thailand's second largest trading partner after China. • Both China and Japan have great influence on Thailand’s economic development. • Cooperation between China and Japan to develop Thailand market, no doubt, is good for development of • Thailand

9. However, over the years, China-Japanese relations have been up and down. • The competition between both sides in Thailand has put Thailand in a dilemma when dealing with its foreign relations with China and Japan, and has increased Thailand’s diplomatic cost and troubles. • So,China-Japan’s cooperation to explore Thai market is warmly welcomed and actively supported by Thailand.

10. Ⅳ. Current Progress ofChina-Japan’s Cooperation expand Thailand’ Market • China and Japan agreed to establish relevant working mechanism and establish and hold cooperation forum for put forward third-party market cooperation . • The First China-Japanese Third-party Market Cooperation Forum was held in Beijing on October 26, 2018. • The Seminar on China-Japanese Third-party Market Cooperation was held in Bangkok on April 2, 2019.

11. At present，three sides reached a consensus, namely the focus of cooperation is on Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC) in Thailand. • Cooperation contents include improvement of infrastructure ,waste treatment and power generation, transportation logistics, energy and environment, smart city and other projects.

12. On the whole, it is still initial stage for China -Japan cooperation to expand the Thai market. • At the government level,two sides are studying the principles, policies and ways of cooperation,and so on. • At the enterprises,they are explore the possibility of cooperation among enterprise and how to achieve complementary advantages,and intentionality projects .

13. Ⅴ. Conclusion • Third -party market cooperation , initiated  by China , adapts to the development trend of economic globalization. • Actually,the cooperation between China and Japan in exploring the Thai market is the trilateral cooperation andtrilateral complementary advantages.

14. Thailand enjoys unique conditions and advantages in participating in the third-party market cooperation . • The Eastern Economic Corridor project in Thailand has great potential for development. • Chinese, Japanese and Thai enterprises can make use of the development opportunity to further deepen mutually beneficial cooperation and achieve "win-win".