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Explore strategies and actions for enhancing innovation in Slovenian regions through cluster programs, internationalization of SMEs, and improving competitive capacity. Learn about the key success factors and challenges in implementing cluster policies.
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Regional Development and Governance SymposiumInnovation Enhancement in Slovenian Regions Tadeja Colnar LeskovšekAnteja ECGIzmir, 26October 2007
Infrastructure conductive to Innovation Protection ofintelectual andindustrial property Education system Conditions for InnovationFostering Competition DIVERSITY INNOVATIVEREGIONSvision strategy action CONSENSUSBUILDINGLEADERSHIP INNOVATIONCONCEPTS SHARINGrole models divergent convergent NEWINTER-ACTIONS Legal and regulatory environment Administrativesimplification Taxation What does it take for region to become innovative?
Cluster program was part of proactive industrial policy Internationalization of SME Improving enterprises’ competitive capacity (4 measures) Increasing productivity Investment in technological development Networking and cluster development Innovative environment
… starting with mapping … • Linking and networking was relatively weak. • Geographical (regional) dimension was not clear - dispersed throughout Slovenia. • Infrastructure which could support cluster development was only emerging. • Existing co-operations and flows could represent a basis for at least nine potential clusters. … which indicated: Which cluster is strategic for Slovenia? How to develop clusters?
Objectives: To gain experiences and develop knowledge To strengthen linkages along supply chains To strengthen linkages between R&D and business To promote cluster concept ... followed by measures to respond to identified needs. From supporting strategic clusters to a set of horizontal policy measures Measures aiming at • Promoting cooperation and networking between companies and between companies and R&D institutions • Developing clusters in practice – Pilot Projects
Results achieved from 2001 to 2004 were encouraging … • 17 clusters - networking of more than 300 enterprises (57.000 employees) and 40 support institutions, • 4 technological networks - networking of 43 enterprises (30.000 employees) and 15 support institutions, • 29 technology centers - co-operating of 240 enterprises, • 53 enterprises (22.700 employees) introducing the system for continuous improvement in production, processes and technology.
Key success factors - Clear roles and competencies • Ministry of Economyacted as catalyst of the clustering process • Providing co-financing of start-up costs (40%) of cluster initiatives (management, projects) • Analysis • Facilitation • Training • International networking
Key success factors - Balanced Top Down And Bottom Up Process • Bottom-up process: • Measures not replacing market mechanism. • Decisions about areas (industries) of cluster development, organizational and managerial issues are domain of participating actors (firms and institutions). • No Constrains, no strict Rules, no guided Strategies. • Initiative and responsibility for success of business and clustering remain domain of managers, employees and individuals.
Major challenge in implementing cluster policy … … how to create trusting environment • Public policy cannot be developed in the absence of strong public private partnership, which in return, can not be developed without the culture of trust. • Trust is needed between partners, between employers and employees between boards and shareholders, and between state and citizens.