by Maribel L. Bernardo, Hiroshige Furuta

1. EXAMINING NONRESPOSE OF LABOR FORCE SURVEY AND FAMILY INCOME AND EXPENDITURE SURVEY IN THE PHILIPPINES by Maribel L. Bernardo, Hiroshige Furuta Presented by Maribel L. Bernardo (PSA MIMAROPA)

2. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION • Introduction • Methodology • Findings of the Study • Recommendations

3. I. Introduction • Nonresponse is defined as failure to get all of the desired information on the sample households in a sample survey. • Nonresponse is treated in the estimation procedures of surveys by having the weighting adjustment due to nonresponse. • Applying weighting adjustment to compensate for nonresponse is likely to increase the variance as well as bias of the estimates derived from the survey.

4. I. Introduction • minimize nonresponse cases to prevent reduction in the number of elements on which the estimates for analyses are based. • know the characteristics of nonrespondents so that appropriate survey methodology can be devised according to the subject matter • characteristics of nonrespondents are usually not available because they are not interviewed

5. I. Introduction • uses the 2009 Family Income and Expenditure Survey (2009 FIES) data characterization of the nonrespondents. • FIES is a rider survey of LFS. It is done in two separate visits, visit 1, in July round and visit 2, in January round of survey. The characteristics of nonrespondents were taken from successful interview of visit 1 or visit 2. • nonrespondents for the purpose of this study are defined as those households who refused to be interviewed during 2009 FIES field enumeration. For the households where outcome of interview is ‘refusal’, the characteristics of the household heads are used to characterize the household.

6. I. Introduction Outcome of Interview

7. I. Introduction Outcome of Interview

8. I. Introduction Based on MS 2003

9. I. Introduction Nonresponse statistics Table1.doc Proportion to Total Sample of Successful and Unsuccessful Interview of LFS: July 2003 - January 2010 Figure1.xlsx Total Eligible Sample Households and Response Rates of LFS Table2.xls MS 2003 Monitoring and the Replicate Used in Survey Table 3.doc Total Sample and its Percent Distribution by Outcome of Interview: FIES 2009 Table4.doc Combination of Interview Status Code of July 2009 and January 2010 FIES

10. I. Introduction

11. I. Introduction Figure 1. Total Eligible Sample Households and Response Rates of LFS

12. I. Introduction

13. I. Introduction Table 3. Total Sample and its Percent Distribution by Outcome of Interview: 2009 FIES

14. I. Introduction Table 4. Combination of Interview Status Code of July 2009 and January 2010 FIES

15. I. Introduction To identify the characteristics of nonresponding sample households and their housing units based from 2009 FIES in the Philippines. Specifically, the variables under study are the following: • age • sex • household size • total income • marital status • highest grade completed • industry • occupation Research Objectives

16. II. Methodology Nonresponse rate was computed by getting the proportion of nonresponding to the total cases and by sex. Decomposition of nonresponse rate was also computed to get the proportion of each level of variable to the total nonresponse rate. In this way, each level shows to what extent the variable was influenced by the change of the factor of nonresponse.

17. III. Findings of the Study 1. Proportion of cases of unsuccessful interview to total sample is quite large in household sample surveys in the Philippines. There are many causes to nonresponses. However, as the first step, this research focused on the most crucial causes of refusal. It is recommended that characteristics that affect refusal as outcome of interview be given consideration during field operations whether census or survey. • 2. The same method of analysis can be applied on cases on interview code 3, temporarily away, which also have large proportion.

18. III. Findings of the Study • 3. Declining count of eligible respondents • As shown in table 1, the number of eligible respondents is declining over time. This can be attributed to the not updated sampling frame. The MS 2003 uses housing units in the sample selection because of its stability. However, due to lack of budget for updating the list of housing units and households, the newly built housing units was not updated in the sampling frame of MS 2003. As a result not all potential samples are considered in the sample selection. It is recommended in the re-design of new master sample to allocate budget for the annual updating of sampling frame.

19. III. Findings of the Study • 4. Characteristics of nonrespondents • high proportion of nonrespondents were those household heads that are 65 years and over, with family size of one member, with family income of 500,000 PhP and over, college graduate, engaged in industry of health and social work, and their major occupation are professional workers. 5. The results of the study can be validated using census data, which can provide characteristics of nonrespondents. It is possible to get the nonrespondents characteristics if there will be unique identifier of households that will link master sample and census data. The characteristics of households of nonrespondents in surveys can be verified to census data.

20. IV. Recommendations • annual updating of sampling frame • improve field operations through: • tailor made interview techniques • extensive information campaign drive • competency of interviewers • timing of interview • employed self-administered questionnaires • establish linkage between MS and census data • study characteristics of temporarily away household

21. Thank you very much.