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Unit 10 Chapter 34 Protection, Support, and Locomotion

Skin: the Body's Protection. Integumentary SystemContains skin and its related parts?hair, nails

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Unit 10 Chapter 34 Protection, Support, and Locomotion

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    1. Unit 10 Chapter 34 Protection, Support, and Locomotion

    2. Skin: the Bodys Protection Integumentary System Contains skin and its related partshair, nails & glands Functions: Regulates body temperature Receives stimuli from environment Produces vitamin D Protection of underlying tissues

    3. Skin: the Bodys Protection Epidermis: Outer layer of skin, composed of dead, flattened cells Contains Melanin, a pigment that colors the skin & protects cell from damage by radiation

    4. Skin: the Bodys Protection Dermis Inner, thicker portion of the skin Contains blood vessels, nerve endings, hair follicles, sweat & oil glands

    5. Skin: the Bodys Protection Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer) Below the dermis Contains primarily of fat for cushioning & insulation

    6. Bones: the Bodys Support Skeletal System divisions: Axial skeleton Includes the skull, vertebrae, ribs & sternum Appendicular skeleton Includes bones of the arms & legs, and shoulder & hip bones

    7. Bones: the Bodys Support Skeletal system functions: Protection Support Attach muscles Produce blood cells Store minerals

    8. Bones: the Bodys Support Joints Where two bones meet Facilitates the movement of bones in relation to one another

    9. Bones: the Bodys Support Ligaments Connective tissue that attaches one bone to another Tendons Connective tissue that attach muscles to bones

    10. Bones: the Bodys Support Spongy bone Soft bone containing many spaces filled with red marrow Compact bone Dense bone with an inner cavity containing yellow marrow Haversian system Circular area in compact bone containing blood vessels, nerves, and living cells called osteocytes

    12. Muscles for Locomotion Smooth muscle Involuntary movement Found in hollow body organs, i.e. stomach, arteries, iris of eye Spindle-shaped cells, non-striated, one nucleus per cell

    13. Muscles for Locomotion Cardiac muscle Involuntary movement Found only in the heart Branching, striated (striped) cells, with one nucleus per cell

    14. Muscles for Locomotion Skeletal muscle Voluntary movement Found attached to bones, i.e. biceps, triceps, hamstrings, etc Long, striated (striped) cells, with many nuclei

    15. Extensor and flexor muscles

    16. Muscles for Locomotion

    17. Muscles for Locomotion Muscle contraction: Muscle fibers (cells) are made up of smaller units called myofibrils Myofibrils contract (shorten) as filaments, called myosin & actin, slide toward one another

    18. Sliding filament model

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