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Respiration a Dr. production

Respiration a Dr. production. Respiration is simply, using oxygen to change food into energy. ALL living things undergo this process. The formula for respiration is:. What is missing from these equations and where does it belong?. Cellular energy is stored in a form called ATP

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Respiration a Dr. production

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  1. Respirationa Dr. production

  2. Respiration is simply, using oxygen to change food into energy. • ALL living things undergo this process

  3. The formula for respiration is: What is missing from these equations and where does it belong?

  4. Cellular energy is stored in a form called ATP • ATP stands for adenosinetriphosphate ATP is what kind of organic compound?

  5. ATP is a nucleotide. That means it is a monomer (one part). • Several nucleotides linked together make a nucleic acid. DNA & RNA are nucleic acids • ATP formed by dehydration synthesis and broken by hydrolysis

  6. ATP is composed of 3 things: • The sugar ribose • The base adenine • 3 phosphate groups These phosphates are the key to the activity of ATP.

  7. Energy is stored by adding a phosphate to ADP • ADP + Pi  ATP • Energy stored (endogonic / endothermic rxn) • Energy is released by breaking a phosphate off ATP • ATPADP + Pi • Energy released (Exogonic/exothermic rxn)

  8. Cells make ATP in an organelle called the mitochondria

  9. In eukaryotes, respiration occurs in 3 steps 1. Glycolysis(sugar breaking) 2. Kreb’s Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) 3. Electron Transport Chain

  10. Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of the cell and makes 2 ATP. • Glycolysis starts with the monosacchride (sugar) glucose • And uses the coenzyme NAD+

  11. The Kreb’s cycle or (Citric Acid Cycle) occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria and makes 2ATP

  12. The electron transport chain occurs across the inner membrane of the mitochondria. • It makes 34 ATP and requires oxygen • It only occurs in eukaryotes

  13. Sometimes, under anaerobic (lack of oxygen) conditions, like strenuous exercise, eukaryotes undergo fermentation

  14. This is called lactic acid fermentation. • Fermentation does NOT make energy • It changes the coenzyme NADH+H+ back to NAD+ for use in glycolysis

  15. Prokaryotes do not have mitochondria or ANY membrane bound organelle. • They carry out respiration in the cytosol

  16. Prokaryotes use the fermentation process to change the coenzyme NADH+H+ back to NAD+ • Microorganism fermentation produces ethyl alcohol and CO2

  17. Respiration is the opposite of photosynthesis

  18. Photosynthesisa Dr. production

  19. What is Photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is using light energy from the sun to make sugar Light E + CO2 + H2O  C6H12O6 + O2

  20. Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of autotrophs…

  21. Light Reactions occur in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast

  22. Light reactions use light energy and water to produce: ATP Hydrogen (NADPH) Oxygen (as waste)

  23. They utilize the pigments chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b

  24. Electromagnetic spectrum of light

  25. Other pigments of photosynthesis include Other chlorophylls, xanthophylls, carotenoids, fucoxanthins, anthocyanins, tannins

  26. The dark reactions are also called the Calvin Cycle or Carbon Fixation

  27. Dark reactions occur in the stroma of the chloroplasts

  28. They use energy to store it in the form of a sugar for later use Chlorophyll

  29. Name: Photo-synthesis Respiration

  30. Name: Photo-synthesis • Makes ATP • Uses ATP • Part of Carbon cycle & water cycle • Occur in membrane bound organelles • Occur in org. with double mem. • Necessary for life on earth • Circulates products • Uses O2 & glucose • Produces CO2, E & H2O • Occurs in mitochondria • Has 3 reactions: glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, E- transport chain • All living things do it • Uses CO2, light E, H2O • Uses coenzyme NADP • Releases O2 & Glucose • Occurs in chloroplast • Has 2 reactions light & dark (Calvin C) • Uses pigments: chlorophyll, tannins, anthocyanins,fucoxanthyns, xanthophylls, carotenoids Respiration

  31. Name: • Make & use ATP • Make & use ADP • Occur in cells • Occur in mem. Bound organelles • Occur in double mem. Organelles • Both necessary for cycle of life • Both components of the Carbon & Water cycles Photo-synthesis • Uses O2 & glucose • Produces CO2 & H2O & Energy • Has 3 reactions, glycolysis, Krebs Cycle and E- chain • Uses coenzyme NAD • All living things do it • Occurs in mitochondria • Uses light E & CO2 & H2O • Makes O2 & glucose • Has 2 reactions, light & dark (Calvin C) • Does not occur in Fungi • Occurs in autotrophs/ producers • Uses NADPH • Occurs in chloroplast • Requires pigments: chlorophyll, tannins, anthocyanins, carotenoids, xanthopyhlls Respiration

  32. Name: • Make ATP • Use ATP • Used by plants • Codependant/ cycle • Use enzymes • Happen in mem. bound org. • Happen in org. with double mem. w/ DNA • Both necessary for life on earth • Electron transport chain cycles Photo-synthesis • Breaks glucose • All living things do it • Uses NAD/NADH • Produces CO2 & H2O • Has 3 reactions glycolysis, Krebs & E- transport • Occurs in mitochondria • Requires oxygen • Does NOT require sunlight or pigments • Only happens in autotrophs • Produces oxygen & glucose • Absorbs light E • Fixes CO2 • Has 2 reactions light & dark (Calvin C) • Uses NADPH/NADP • Requires chlorophyll/ carotenoids/ anthocyanin, fucoxanthins/ tannins, xanthophylls • Uses H2O Respiration

  33. Resources: • Chlorophyll Extraction: http://www.cells.de/cellseng/1medienarchiv/Zellfunktionen/Memb_Vorg/Photosynthese/Dunkel_u_Staerke/Staerkenachweis/Chlorophyll_und_CO2/index.jsp

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