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www.isa.org.usyd.edu.au. The University of Sydney. AUSTRALIA. Balancing Act A triple bottom line account of the Australian economy. Manfred Lenzen Barney Foran Christopher Dey. The University of Sydney. AUSTRALIA. What is Balancing Act ?.

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  1. www.isa.org.usyd.edu.au The University of Sydney AUSTRALIA

  2. Balancing Act A triple bottom line account of the Australian economy Manfred Lenzen Barney Foran Christopher Dey The University of Sydney AUSTRALIA

  3. What is Balancing Act ? It is a complete life-cycle assessmentof Australia’s industry sectorsacross 10 sustainability indicators.

  4. Why is Balancing Act new / special ?

  5. The Triple Bottom Line - • Economic: • profits • imports • taxes and subsidies • Environmental: • energy & greenhouse • material flow • water & biodiversity • Social: • employment • health and safety • income A Global Reporting Framework

  6. There are some problems with the GRI’s approach to the TBL .

  7. Catchment Catchment D Pumping Pumping C Water service provider Water service provider B A 1: Investors need meaningful company benchmarks

  8. A 1 A Dairy farming Dairy farming Transport Transport Dairy processing Dairy processing A 2 2: Policy makerswant to avoid loopholes in legislation Water con- sumption 98% <0.1% 2%

  9. X Y Alum. / HDPE Bio-plastic Packaging Packaging Dairy processing B B 3: Producersneed incentives for improving performance Dairy processing

  10. Embodied emissions from materials Lower embodied emissions from materials On-site emissions On-site emissions Construction Pty Water supplier Pty C D 4: Insurersneed to see hidden risks, eg. carbon taxation

  11. Balancing Act showshow to solve the boundary problem.It is therefore relevant toinvestors, policy makers, producers and insurers.

  12. How does Balancing Actsolve the boundary problem?

  13. ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• Energy for iron ore mining ••• 4 3 Iron ore for steel ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S Steel for ship 2 Manufacture of ship 1 Food Resources Goods Energy Services Shipping of bauxite to smelter 0 Aluminium for use It looks at the whole supply chain.

  14. Physical data Integrating Structure and function and knock-on effects National Input-Output Tables

  15. The maths behind the model

  16. What did Balancing Actcome up with ?

  17. Wheat and Other Grains

  18. Production layers

  19. Structural path analysis

  20. Black Coal

  21. Sector: Dairy Products

  22. Alumina and Aluminium

  23. Motor Vehicles and Parts

  24. Electricity Supply

  25. Banking

  26. Spin-off 1 : The BL3 software for businesses

  27. Spin-off 2 : Detailed sustainability analysis for business and industry - Example: Aluminium

  28. detailed on-site audit complete supply-chain analysis

  29. ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• Energy for iron ore mining ••• 4 3 Iron ore for steel ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S Steel for ship 2 Manufacture of ship 1 Food Resources Goods Energy Services Shipping to smelter 0 Aluminium for use Example: Australian aluminium

  30. 10 top upstream paths: energy use • Electricity> Al> exports 46.57 PJ (46.29%) • Alumina> Al> exports 14.48 PJ (14.39%) • Al> exports 8.24 PJ (8.19%) • Electricity> Alumina> Al> exports 1.40 PJ (1.39%) • Electricity> Al> stocks 0.78 PJ (0.78%) • Petroleum and coal products> Al> exports 0.40 PJ (0.40%) • Electricity> Bauxite> Alumina> Al> exports 0.34 PJ (0.34%) • Bauxite> Alumina> Al> exports 0.29 PJ (0.29%) • Iron and steel> Al> exports 0.26 PJ (0.26%) • Alumina> Al> stocks 0.24 PJ (0.24%)

  31. 10 top downstream paths: aluminium use • Al> exports 959,672 t (74.2%) • Al> stocks 16,089 t (1.24%) • Al> electrical equipm.> construction> investm. 4,514 t (0.3%) • Al> electrical equipm.> exports 4,106 t (0.3%) • Al> sheet metal> investment 2,963 t (0.2%) • Al> basic iron and steel> exports 2,532 t (0.2%) • Al> sheet metal> beverages> households 2,144 t (0.2%) • Al> electrical equipm.> households 1,891 t (0.1%) • Al> electrical equipm.> investment 1,496 t (0.1%) • Al> medical,photogr.& scientif.equipm.>exports 1,437 t (0.1%)

  32. Spin-off 3 : The Australian Triple Bottom Line Atlas

  33. Total energy requirement (GJ/cap)

  34. Energy intensity (MJ/A$)

  35. Covering the full supply chain … … and a whole continent.

  36. Spin-off 4 : Environmental Impact Assessment

  37. Emissions embodied in renewable energy technology

  38. Emissions embodied in renewable energy technology

  39. Where from here ?

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