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Unit I: Biology as a Science. Who do you see in the picture below?. From up-close: Albert Einstein From far-away: Marilyn Monroe. Meet Waldo. Try to find him in the next slide. http://www.emergentchaos.com/images/07-may/waldo.jpg. http://www.triumf.ca/people/vetm/public/waldo-1.jpg.
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Unit I: Biology as a Science slide 1
Meet Waldo. Try to find him in the next slide. http://www.emergentchaos.com/images/07-may/waldo.jpg
Here’s Waldo! http://www.triumf.ca/people/vetm/public/waldo-1.jpg
What skill did you need to use in this engagement activity? Paying attention to detail & carefully recording observations are necessary skills for biology. Making an observation is the first step in the ScientificMethod. Observation!
The Scientific Method slide 2
Step 1: Make an OBSERVATION. • Using your five senses: • Hearing • Smell • Taste • Touch • Sight http://www.lvpcchurch.org/lvpc/files/u1/magnifying-glass.gif slide 3
Step 2: Ask a QUESTION. • Ask a question that is reasonable. • Do not be too general in what you ask. • What is life? • What happens to heart rate if ….? http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/mediasvc/connections/JanFeb2006/images-janfeb/confusedman.jpg slide 4
Step 3: Create a HYPOTHESIS. • A hypothesis is an educated guess. • A hypothesis is a statement based on some type of knowledge. • A hypothesis is often written as an “If…, then…”statement. • A hypothesis may develop into a theory. http://www.getreligion.org/wp-content/photos/hypothesis.gif slide 5
Step 4: TEST your hypothesis. • Scientists test their hypothesis with an experiment. • Experiments should be “controlled.” • Experiments should be repeatable with clear, detailed procedures. • A good experiment will only test one variable at a time. http://pro.corbis.com/images/42-17171258.jpg?size=572&uid=%7B41F4D52B-6C23-4CCC-A039-21F11BCC7C14%7D slide 6
Step 5: Analyze the DATA. • Data can be in two forms: • Quantitativedata: numbers (length, volume, density, etc.) • Qualitative data: observations (color, shape, texture, etc.) • Data is often organized in graphs, charts, and tables. • The moredata you have the lesserror. • Data is never wrong! If data appear askew it is due to error in the experimental design. http://www.cartoonstock.com/lowres/dcr0431l.jpg slide 7
Step 6: Make a CONCLUSION. • Was your hypothesis supported by the data? • If so, what data supported it? • If not, what did the data show? • Was there error in the experiment? (BE SPECIFIC!) • If so, where did the error come from? • What additional questions do you still have about the subject matter of the experiment? • Did you make additional observations that led you to another question? http://www.cartoonstock.com/lowres/epa1321l.jpg slide 8
Summary of the Scientific Method • Make an OBSERVATION. • Ask a QUESTION. • Create a HYPOTHESIS. • Carry out an EXPERIMENT to test your hypothesis. • Analyze the DATA. • Make a CONCLUSION. slide 9
Step #1: Observe a sea worm. Source: http://www.nilesbio.com/images/categories/C211.jpg
Step #2: What are some questions about the sea worm? Source: http://www.nilesbio.com/images/categories/C211.jpg
Step #3: If our question was “How does the temperature affect the sea worm’s heart rate?”, then what is a plausible hypothesis? Source: http://www.nilesbio.com/images/categories/C211.jpg
Step #4: If our question was “How does the temperature affect the sea worm’s heart rate?”, then how would we test this? Source: http://www.nilesbio.com/images/categories/C211.jpg
Step #5: For our imaginary experiment, what type of data are we mostly collecting? How would you choose to display this data? Source: http://www.nilesbio.com/images/categories/C211.jpg