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CP2022

CP2022. INTERNET and World Wide Web. A simple view of the Internet. A network of networks World-wide inter-linked computers…. What is the Internet ?. Large collection of connected computers across the world Linked networks and networks within networks……

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CP2022

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  1. CP2022 INTERNET and World Wide Web Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4

  2. A simple view of the Internet A network of networks World-wide inter-linked computers… Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4

  3. What is the Internet ? • Large collection of connected computers across the world • Linked networks and networks within networks…… • Began in 1970s - mainly US-based academic, military and research networks • Used mainly for research and knowledge sharing purposes • One aim was to establish a facility to enable communication even in the event of a nuclear attack Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4

  4. Evolution of the Internet • Internet = email, file transfer, newsgroups, and hypertext transfer (WWW) • Over recent years the size and scope of the Internet network(s) have almost ‘exploded’ • World-wide group of users of millions …. And still growing • Redesign/restructuring is an issue - to cope with this phenomenal growth andthe increasing use of multimedia. Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4

  5. What Services are Offered ? • Email • The World Wide Web based on the hyper-text transfer protocol (http) • Millions of sites for a range of subjects/interests • File transfer • Discusssion forums, instant messaging, online services (e.g. library renewals) • Streaming multimedia Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4

  6. EMAIL - advantages • Speed (especially long distance) • Reduction in paperwork (for memos) • Messages/documents transmitted + received when convenient • Permanent record of dialogue • Direct access can be a ‘social leveller’ Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4

  7. EMAIL - disadvantages • Junk mail /Spam • Face - face dialogue has the edge • Systems fail! • Delays in receipt can be unpredictable and excessive • Access constraints (to hardware) can be limiting Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4

  8. How do you access the World-Wide Web? • Uses a computer program called a browser • Microsoft Internet Explorer • Netscape navigator • Others • Give the name of the computer you want to access and the location of the file ! (URL) • e.ghttp://www.scit.wlv.ac.uk/~cm1950/CP2022/images/bridge.JPG • Or use the mouse to click on links • Or use bookmarks to return to frequently visited sites Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4

  9. What is on the Web ? • Academic Publications and Research/reference information • Non-academic information (e.g. on football teams, celebrities etc.) • Services such as shopping, buying books and software, renewing library books, etc. • Scope of use is widening - video broadcasting, remote directed surgery, interactive entertainment, etc. Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4

  10. How do you find useful information? • There are millions of documents on the web to search through ! Luckily there are tools to help. • Try using a Search ‘Engine’. For example, Google, Alta Vista, • An example web page:- http://www.andysloane.info/ Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4

  11. Internet communication • TCP/IP is used to communicate packets of information between users and other parts/users of the Internet. • Permanent connections • High data rate links at universities • Broadband connections • Dial-up access via telephone/ISDN lines • Individuals can access through ISPs • (Internet service providers) or other establishments (e.g.university) Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4

  12. Some predictions (1998) • A U.S. survey predicted by 2002: • PCs = net access in 47 m homes • TV based = 12.7 m homes • Screen phones = 2.6m homes • Now - 250m Internet users in the North America http://www.internetworldstats.com • PC-centric Net and TV-centric Net (web-TV) • ‘intelligent’ software used on shopping web sites • keeps track of users’ preferences and interests • leads to ability to suggest products etc. Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4

  13. EU country Population (2006 Est.) Internet Users Penetration % Use %in EU Growth 2000-5 Austria 8,188,806 4,650,000 56.8 % 2.0 % 121.4 % Belgium 10,481,831 5,100,000 48.7 % 2.2 % 155.0 % Cyprus 961,154 298,000 31.0 % 0.1 % 148.3 % Czech Republic 10,211,609 4,800,000 47.0 % 2.1 % 380.0 % Denmark 5,425,373 3,762,500 69.4 % 1.6 % 92.9 % Estonia 1,339,157 670,000 50.0 % 0.3 % 82.8 % Finland 5,260,970 3,286,000 62.5 % 1.4 % 70.5 % France 61,004,840 26,214,174 43.0 % 11.4 % 208.4 % Germany 82,515,988 48,722,055 59.0 % 21.2 % 103.0 % Greece 11,275,420 3,800,000 33.7 % 1.7 % 280.0 % Hungary 10,060,684 3,050,000 30.3 % 1.3 % 326.6 % Ireland 4,065,631 2,060,000 50.7 % 0.9 % 162.8 % Italy 59,115,261 28,870,000 48.8 % 12.5 % 118.7 % Latvia 2,293,246 810,000 35.3 % 0.4 % 440.0 % Lithuania 3,416,941 968,000 28.3 % 0.4 % 330.2 % Luxembourg 459,393 270,800 58.9 % 0.1 % 170.8 % Malta 385,308 301,000 78.1 % 0.1 % 652.5 % Netherlands 16,386,216 10,806,328 65.9 % 4.7 % 177.1 % Poland 38,115,814 10,600,000 27.8 % 4.6 % 278.6 % Portugal 10,501,051 6,090,000 58.0 % 2.6 % 143.6 % Slovakia 5,379,455 2,276,000 42.3 % 1.0 % 250.2 % Slovenia 1,959,872 950,000 48.5 % 0.4 % 216.7 % Spain 44,351,186 17,142,198 38.7 % 7.1 % 218.2 % Sweden 9,076,757 6,800,000 74.9 % 3.0 % 68.0 % United Kingdom 60,139,274 37,800,000 62.9 % 16.4 % 145.5 % European Union 462,371,237 230,097,055 49.8 % 100.0 % 147.0 % Internet usage in the EU Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4

  14. More snippets ….. • Trend for commercial web sites to look for ‘value added’ content to attract and retain interest (discussion forums) • Fastest growing groups of web users - under 18s and over 55s • Average web users surfs for 1-2 hours/day Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4

  15. And more snippets …. • Users’ online time (survey):- • Entertainment sites = 14% • Education = 1% • Communications 1/4% • 84% regularly use E-Mail • 40% visit chat rooms/discussion forums • Internet2 - the ‘next generation’ internet will be up to 1,000 times faster (over next few years) Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4

  16. Summary • The Internet is now a primary means of communication • It isn’t designed for multimedia • Now difficult to work without email • Web browsing is both work and leisure activity • The Internet is being developed for greater speed and better access to information Multimedia Internet Communications - Lecture 4

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