Review Set for “Introduction to Plants”

1. Review Set for “Introduction to Plants”

2. Water enters a plant by passing through the _________________ of a root and into the ____________________. • root hairs, phloem • cuticle, xylem • root cap, phloem • epidermis, xylem

3. Water enters a plant by passing through the _________________ of a root and into the ____________________. • root hairs, phloem • cuticle, xylem • root cap, phloem • epidermis, xylem

4. The _________________________ stage of a fern is a tiny plant that produces eggs and sperm. (sporophyte or gametophyte)

5. The _________________________ stage of a fern is a tiny plant that produces eggs and sperm. (sporophyte or gametophyte)

6. _______________________ typically absorb(s) water that is close to the soil surface. (A taproot or Fibrous roots)

7. _______________________ typically absorb(s) water that is close to the soil surface. (A taproot or Fibrous roots)

8. Flowering plants, such as apple trees and daisies, • use osmosis for nutrient transport. • Are classified as angiosperms. • Have independent gametophyte forms. • Need water for delivery of sperm to eggs.

9. Flowering plants, such as apple trees and daisies, • use osmosis for nutrient transport. • Are classified as angiosperms. • Have independent gametophyte forms. • Need water for delivery of sperm to eggs.

10. The center of a flower contains one or more female reproductive structures called ________________________. (stamens or pistils)

11. The center of a flower contains one or more female reproductive structures called ________________________. (stamens or pistils)

12. Dicots always have two • cuticles. • Anthers. • Cotyledons. • Petals.

13. Dicots always have two • cuticles. • Anthers. • Cotyledons. • Petals.

14. Cyads, conifers, gnetophytes, and ginkgoes are • flowering plants. • Angiosperms. • Seedless plants. • Gymnosperms.

15. Cyads, conifers, gnetophytes, and ginkgoes are • flowering plants. • Angiosperms. • Seedless plants. • Gymnosperms.

16. How does the role of the sepal differ from that of a petal?

17. How does the role of the sepal differ from that of a petal? • The sepal surrounds and protects the flower when it is a bud. The petal attracts insects or other animals to the flower to aid in pollination.

18. What two parts do all vascular plants have? • flowers and fruit • seeds and pollen • stems and leaves • pistil and stamen

19. What two parts do all vascular plants have? • flowers and fruit • seeds and pollen • stems and leaves • pistil and stamen

20. Which of the following is a plant structure that is involved is asexual reproduction? • stigma • stamen • pistil • tuber

21. Which of the following is a plant structure that is involved is asexual reproduction? • stigma • stamen • pistil • tuber

22. Describe how flowering plants reproduce through sexual reproduction.

23. Describe how flowering plants reproduce through sexual reproduction. • The male reproductive structure, the stamen, produces pollen. Pollinators such as insects, or the wind, carry the pollen to the female reproductive structure, the pistil. • After fertilization of the ova by the sperm nuclei, seeds develop in the ovaries. The ovaries become fruit that protects the seeds. The seeds are genetically different from each other and both parents.

24. Describe the two life phases of a plant. Be sure to use the terms sporophyte, gametophyte, spores, gametes, and zygote.

25. Describe the two life phases of a plant. Be sure to use the terms sporophyte, gametophyte, spores, gametes, and zygote. A mature sporophyte produces spores. Spores are released and develop into a gametophyte. The gametophyte produces gametes. The male and female gametes fuse to form a zygote. The zygote develops into a sporophyte.

26. Which plant life phase begins when two gametes fuse together to form a zygote? • sporophyte • gametophyte • both sporophyte and gametophyte • neither sporophyte or gametophyte

27. Which plant life phase begins when two gametes fuse together to form a zygote? • sporophyte • gametophyte • both sporophyte and gametophyte • neither sporophyte or gametophyte

28. Which is the correct term for the newly forming leaves seen in the image (fern)? • frond • leaflet • rhizome • fiddlehead

29. Which is the correct term for the newly forming leaves seen in the image (fern)? • frond • leaflet • rhizome • fiddlehead

30. What is the difference between monocot and dicot plants?

31. What is the difference between monocot and dicot plants? Monocots are plants with leaves that are usually long and slender with veins that all run in one direction (from the stem toward the tip), fibrous roots, flower parts are in 3’s, and seeds have two cotyledons. • Dicots have leaves with netted veins, a long tap root, flower parts in 4’s or 5’s, and seeds with two cotyledons.

32. Monocots have leaves in divisions of • one • two • three • four

33. Monocots have leaves in divisions of • one • two • three • four

34. A cotyledon is • the point of the seed where roots emerge. • the part of the seed where the food is stored for the young plant. • another name for the paracarp. • the growing point of the plant.

35. A cotyledon is • the point of the seed where roots emerge. • the part of the seed where the food is stored for the young plant. • another name for the paracarp. • the growing point of the plant.

36. What are the three types of cells found in plants and their functions?

37. What are the three types of cells found in plants and their functions? • Collenchyma Cells: have thick irregular cell walls that provide support. • Sclerencyma Cells: are thick, tightly packed cells that make up hardened parts of plants. • Parenchyma Cells: loosely packed cube-shaped cells that store water, conduct photosynthesis, and make up the “fleshy” parts of the most plants.

38. What structures make up the root systems of plants and their functions?

39. What structures make up the root systems of plants and their functions? • Taproot: consist on one primary or main root with smaller roots that grow from it. Examples would be carrots and radishes. • Fibrous Root: Consist of many small roots that grow in severla directions. Example would be grasses (including corn). • Adventitous: specialized roots that grow from stems or leaves to anchor plant in place. Examples would be orchids and ivy.