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March 27, 2014

March 27, 2014. Begin Unit 9: The Vietnam War Notes: Chapter 30, Section 1 30.1 Vocabulary Current Event Due Tomorrow. The Vietnam War. Chapter 30 1954-1975. Early Vietnam War History. From late 1800’s to the end of WWII: French controlled Indochina.

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March 27, 2014

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  1. March 27, 2014 • Begin Unit 9: The Vietnam War • Notes: Chapter 30, Section 1 • 30.1 Vocabulary • Current Event Due Tomorrow

  2. The Vietnam War Chapter 30 1954-1975

  3. Early Vietnam War History • From late 1800’s to the end of WWII: French controlled Indochina. • French surrendered most of Indochina to Japan during WWII. • Japan surrendered Indochina after WWII. • France tried to resume its’ control. • First Indochina War (1946-54) • France vs. Vietminh • Vietminh led by Communist Ho Chi Minh

  4. Early Involvement in Vietnam • US helped France through American financial/weapons aid under Truman and Eisenhower. • US paid 80% of French war costs by 1954. • DOMINO THEORY • Dien Bien Phu (May 7, 1954) • French suffer 15,000 casualties and surrender.

  5. Early Involvement in Vietnam • Geneva Conference (1954) • Geneva Accords: Temporary division at 17th parallel into North Vietnam and South Vietnam. • Elections are to be held in 1956. • Ngo Diem ruled South Vietnam in Saigon. • Ho Chi Minh led North Vietnam in Hanoi.

  6. Thursday, April 4, 2013 • Quick Review of 30.1 • Notes: 30.2: Going to war in Vietnam (part 1) • Video Clip: Gulf of Tonkin Incident • Return Map Quizzes • Current Event due tomorrow! Vietnam War Exam: Tuesday, April 23

  7. 30.2: Going to warin Vietnam • 1956: Diem did not allow elections. • Angered Ho Chi Minh and communist supporters in South: began a guerilla war. • Ike helped Diem with financial and military aid in South Vietnam.

  8. 30.2 Going to war in Vietnam • National Liberation Front formed in South Vietnam. • NLF: Communist political and military organization working to overthrow Diem. • Military wing of NLF: Vietcong • VC assassinated hundreds of S. Vietnamese government officials. • VC grew more powerful in South; Diem needed help to survive! • Ike sent American military advisers to train the South Vietnamese army (ARVN) • JFK: 1961-1963: from 2,000-15,000 US military personnel.

  9. Overthrow of Diem • Diem and his family were very wealthy; most of population were poor peasant farmers. • Catholic: passed many anti-Buddhist laws. • Police killed many protesting Buddhists.

  10. Overthrow of Diem • Buddhists protested by setting themselves on fire. • Kennedy decided South Vietnam needed new leadership. • American officials worked with ARVN army generals to overthrow Diem. • Nov. 2, 1963- Diem assassinated. • S. Vietnamese government remained weak and unstable however.

  11. Gulf of Tonkin Incident • August 2, 1964: North Vietnamese torpedo boats fire on USS Maddox in Gulf of Tonkin. • LBJ asked Congress to allow use of force to defend Americans in Vietnam. • Congress passed Gulf of Tonkin Resolution authorizing LBJ to use military. • Vietnam War: North Vietnamese Army (NVA) and Vietcong vs. ARVN and the United States.

  12. Monday, April 22, 2013 • Finish 30.3 from last Thursday with the sub (p. 904) • Notes and Vocab: 30.4: Vietnam War Winds Down (p.910) • Current Event • Return Work • Vietnam War Exam Tomorrow!!! Chapter 30, Sections 1-4!!!

  13. Vietnamization • Nixon named Henry Kissinger assistant on national security. • Aug. 1969: Begins talks with North Vietnam about cease fire, return of POW’s, and fate of South Vietnam. • Talks lasted 4 years. • Vietnamization • Summer 1969: Nixon withdraws 25,000 troops.

  14. My Lai Massacre • November, 1969 media reported on event from Spring, 1968. • Lt. William Calley and platoon massacred over 200 unarmed Vietnamese civilians at My Lai. • Most were old men, women, children.

  15. Kent State • April, 1970: American troops invaded Cambodia. • May 7, 1970: Kent State University: Ohio National Guard fires on demonstrators, killing four students and wounding nine others.

  16. Pentagon Papers • 1971: Daniel Ellsberg, former Defense Dept. employee, leaked Pentagon Papers to the New York Times. • History of the political and military involvement in Vietnam from 1945 to 1967. • Showed how LBJ administration deceive the press and the public and by lying to Congress.

  17. Election of ‘72 • By end of 1971 most Americans wanted troops home. • Oct. 1972, Kissinger announces peace settlement near. • Election of 1972: Nixon defeats George McGovern. • Negotiations broke down following elections. • Dec., 1972: “Christmas Bombings” • Jan. 1973: North Vietnamese troops allowed to stay in South; U.S. withdraws. • March, 1975: North conquers Saigon in weeks. • Saigon renamed Ho Chi Minh City and Vietnam is reunified.

  18. Vietnam War Memorial

  19. The Aftermath • Cost America over $200 billion. • Over 58,000 Americans died, over 300,000 wounded. • Roughly 2 million Vietnamese were killed, both soldiers and civilians. • American veterans returned home to no parade or celebration and many faced psychological issues. • 1982: Vietnam war memorial is dedicated.

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