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Fundamental Constants in Particle Physics and Cosmology: Exploring the Standard Model and Quantum Field Theories

Delve into the intricate realm of fundamental constants and their significance in particle physics and cosmology. Discover the diverse aspects of the Standard Model, gauge theories, electroweak interactions, mass generation mechanisms, and the elusive Higgs boson. Unravel the mysteries of quarks, leptons, bosons, and the fundamental forces governing the universe. Explore the interplay between symmetry breaking, strong interactions, and the enigmatic properties of various particles. From the origins of mass to the complexities of quantum field theories, this exploration sheds light on the fundamental constants shaping our understanding of the universe.

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Fundamental Constants in Particle Physics and Cosmology: Exploring the Standard Model and Quantum Field Theories

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  1. Time Variation Fundamental Constants and their Harald Fritzsch LMU Munich

  2. particle physics nuclear … atomic … laser … solid state … astro … cosmology fundamental constants =>

  3. ==> chemistry, biology, ...

  4. - Fundamental constants Standard Model

  5. - Standard Model gauge theories

  6. - first gauge theory QED

  7. - Lagrangian

  8. - fine-structure constant

  9. - QED 2 fundamental constants

  10. 1964 ===> electroweak gauge theory

  11. SU(2) x U(1) Glashow Salam Weinberg 1964-1968

  12. SU(2) x U(1) 3 + 1 gauge bosons W(+) W(-) Z photon

  13. SU(2) x U(1) weak interactions electromagnetism neutral current

  14. - Electroweak theory origin of masses of leptons, quarks and W-bosons ???

  15. - Mass generation by spontaenous symmetry breaking

  16. scalar fields Mexican hat potential

  17. v Fermi constant

  18. - SU(2) x U(1) + 0 + 0 - 0 - gauge bosons massless scalars mass M

  19. - SU(2) x U(1) 0 + 0 - "Higgs" particle massive

  20. gauge theory of the Strong Interactions

  21. - 1964 quarks

  22. - 1971 Color quantum number

  23. - q=> q q q SU(3,c)

  24. b r g

  25. - - Hadrons - white states

  26. - 1971 - 1972 QCD Fritzsch & Gell-Mann

  27. ( 1995 in Berlin )

  28. 8 gluons

  29. - QED: photon - QCD: gluons

  30. - the proton mass as a fundamental constant ?

  31. -

  32. - proton mass ( quark masses = 0 ) QCD scale

  33. - ~ 300 MeV lattice QCD

  34. 938 = 860 + 21 + 19 + 36 + 2 MeV

  35. - 1973: Standard Model SU(3) x SU(2) x U(1)

  36. - Problems of the Standard Model

  37. - mass 1916 geometry

  38. - mass universal

  39. Standard Model two different types of mass generation

  40. mass by confinement QCD

  41. mass by spontaneous symmetry breaking SU(2) x U(1)

  42. proton weak boson ? <=mass=> H H

  43. problem of Standard Model 28 fundamental constants

  44. Newtons constant G 1 fine structure constant 1coupling constant of strong interaction 1coupling constant of weak interaction 1mass of W boson 1mass of Higgs boson 1masses of 6 quarks and 6 leptons 12 flavor mixing of quarks 4flavor mixing of leptons 6 - 28

  45. 28

  46. (22 related to fermion masses)

  47. - MeV masses 100 10 1

  48. fermion masses = 0 6 constants

  49. - Arnold Sommerfeld, 1916 fine-structure constant

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