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1. van Helmont, 1630, proved plants need

Photosynthesis (ECP). I . Introduction. A. History. 1. van Helmont, 1630, proved plants need. water. 2. Priestly, 1772, proved plants need. gas (phlogiston). 3. Ingenhaus, 1779, proved plants need. sunlight. 4. DeSaussure, 1804, organized all the pieces.

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1. van Helmont, 1630, proved plants need

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  1. Photosynthesis (ECP) I. Introduction A. History 1. van Helmont, 1630, proved plants need water 2. Priestly, 1772, proved plants need gas (phlogiston) 3. Ingenhaus, 1779, proved plants need sunlight 4. DeSaussure, 1804, organized all the pieces showed hydrogen in the glucose comes from splitting water 5. van Niel, 1930, Figure 7.3B

  2. B. Reduction/Oxidation Reactions 1. Redox = giving and receiving of electrons or energy Figure 7.4B

  3. C. NADP+ and Energy Transfer

  4. II. Photosynthesis Figure 7.5

  5. A. Organisms 1. Autotrophs are organisms that can fix energy into carbon molecules. Figure 7.1

  6. B. Structures 1. Chloroplasts Figure 7.2

  7. C. Background Info. 1. Light Properties Figure 7.6A Figure 7.6B

  8. 2. Pigments a. Chlorophylls are primary b. Xanthophyll's are secondary and reflect blue hues. and reflect greens.. Figure 10.11

  9. c. Carotenoids are secondary and reflect oranges and protect chlorophylls.

  10. III. Light Dependent Reactions A. Electron Excitation 1. Magnesium absorbs light energy and electrons get excited Figure 7.7A

  11. B. Where 1. Chloroplasts  light dependent reactions via chlorophyll pigments in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts Figure 7.7B3

  12. C. Steps 1. Non-cyclic electron flow (Photophosphorylation) Figure 7.8A a. Light excites electrons of magnesium (oxidizes) of chlorophyll of photo-system II and I. b. Electrons from II are passed through an ETC to make ATP, while electrons from I are passed through an ETC to reduce NADP+. c. Electrons from II are used to backfill Ichlorophyll that lost electrons to NADP+. d. Water is split by II to fill electrons lost to I by stealing electrons from hydrogen and provide a hydrogen to form NADPH + H+.

  13. 2. Cyclic electron flow (Photophosphorylation) a. Light excites electrons of magnesium (oxidizes) of chlorophyll of photo-system Ionly. b. Electrons from I are passed through an ETC to make ATP only. c. Electrons from I are used to backfill I magnesium of the original chlorophyll. d. Water is not split.

  14. Figure 7. 9

  15. D. Outcomes 1. The ATP and NADPH + H+ chloroplast stroma used to energize CO2 (ATP) & add hydrogen (NADPH + H+) 2. The O2 to the stomata to be expelled or to mitochondria Do plants need to keep expelling O2 for their benefit? Or yours?

  16. IV. Light Independent Rxns. A. Where 1. Chloroplasts  The eight step process (Calvin cycle, the light independent reactions, or the DARK reactions) in chloroplast’s stroma. Figure 7.2

  17. B. Steps 1Glucose = 18ATP + 12NADPH + H+ Figure 7.10B a. Rubisco attaches 3CO2 to RuBP b. Requires 6ATP and 6NADPH + H+ to make 6G3P c. Separate 1G3P and hold in reserve d. Rearrange other 5G3P back into RuBP with 3ATP e. Repeat as long as you have enough ????

  18. C. Outcomes What to do with the glucose?

  19. V. Alternative Strategies A. Photorespiration 1. Definition 2. Mechanism B. C3 Plants 1. Definition 2. Mechanism C3 plants go senescent rice, wheat, some grasses, and soybean

  20. C. C4 Plants 1. Definition 2. Mechanism C4 plants turn CO2 into acid molecules then break up to give CO2 to Rubisco sugarcane, corn, and other grasses Figure 7.11

  21. D. CAM Plants (Crassulacean) 1. Definition 2. Mechanism CAM plants completely separate light from dark reactions cactus, pineapples, and succulents Figure 7.11

  22. C4 versus CAM plants Figure 7.11

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