Health Insurance Coverage Among North Dakotans

1. Health Insurance Coverage Among North Dakotans May 10, 2004 Alana Knudson, PhD Kyle Muus, PhD Mike Cogan, MA

2. North Dakota Phone Survey • Partners • Development • Geographic Groups • Descriptive Statistics

3. North Dakota Phone Survey • Collaborative Endeavor • North Dakota Department of Health • University of North Dakota Center for Rural Health • UND Social Science Research Institute • Mathematica Policy Research, Inc.

4. Survey Development • Review of national literature • Review of CPS and CDC survey results • Review of existing state surveys • Review of previous state results • Customize survey to address North Dakota concerns • Survey instrument developed by SSRI

5. Respondents • Three population groups • Urban (greater than 16,718) • Bismarck, Fargo, Grand Forks & Minot • Large Rural (5,000 to 16,717) • Devils Lake, Dickinson, Jamestown, Minot AFB, Valley City, Wahpeton, & Williston • Small Rural (under 5,000) • Remainder of the state

6. Overview of Survey Findings

7. Gender

8. Age

9. Health Insurance Coverage

10. Number of Health Insurance Policy Types Per Person

11. Is there a particular doctor you see?

12. How many miles do you travel to receive health care services?

13. When was the last time you received a routine check up?

14. Are you confident that you can get health care when you need it?

15. How many times have you visited the doctor in the past 6 months?

16. How would you describe your health?

17. What is your marital status?

18. What is your level of education?

19. What is your employment status?

20. Do you have more than one paying job?

21. Is this job permanent, temporary or seasonal?

22. Prior Active Duty in the Military?

23. North Dakota’sUnderinsured

24. UNDERINSURANCE • Situations where: • a) too few services are covered or the coverage is inadequate; • b) the amount of out-of-pocket expenses, regardless of family income, is excessive; • c) some combination of the above • ..cost-sharing places such an economic hardship on the insured that its presumed benefits are lost • Based on economic, experiential & attitudinal factors

25. Typical Characteristics of the Underinsured • Self-employed, PT employees, and FT employees of small companies • Aged 19-24 and 55-64 • Fair/poor health status • Ethnic minorities • Below 200% of poverty level

26. Economic Conditions • Out-of-pocket expenses, with or without regard to family income, are excessive • Out-of-pocket expenses >10% of income • Inadequate insurance against large bills • The financial impact of serious illness • Unable to obtain needed health care due to economic reasons • <200% of poverty level & their employer makes no contribution

27. Experiential Measures • Too few services are covered • Ineligible foror cannot afford certain plan benefits of interest • Pre-existing condition prevents person from obtaining coverage • Coverage prevents them from reaching their health potential • Waiting periods before a condition is covered • Difficulty in obtaining referrals • Basic health needs (prenatal, immunizations, etc.) are not covered

28. Attitudinal Factors • Insurance is perceived to be inadequate • Quality of care is considered inadequate • Desired services are not included in the plan

29. Needed to see a doctor but could not because of the cost (past 12 months) ND Source: BRFSS, 2000

30. Estimated Annual Out-of-Pocket Medical Expenses for the Past Year Range=$2-100,000; Mean=$1496; Median=$400

31. Health Underinsurance* in ND Target Target’s Household *Annual out-of-pocket >10% of median annual household income

32. Health Underinsurance* of Target, by Age Group *Annual out-of-pocket >10% of median annual household income

33. Health Underinsurance* by Gender Females Males *Annual out-of-pocket >10% of median annual household income

34. Health Underinsurance*by Race/Ethnicity *Annual out-of-pocket >10% of median annual household income

35. Underinsurance* by geographic group *Annual out-of-pocket >10% of median annual household income

36. Where do the underinsured reside?

37. Health Underinsurance* of Target, by Income Level *Annual out-of-pocket >10% of median annual household income

38. Health Underinsurance* of Target’s Household, by Income *Annual out-of-pocket >10% of median annual household income

39. Health Underinsurance* of Target, by Policy Type *Annual out-of-pocket >10% of median annual household income

40. Underinsurance* by Employment Status *Annual out-of-pocket >10% of median annual household income

41. Self-Perceived Health Status, Insured versus Underinsured* Insured Underinsured *Annual out-of-pocket >10% of median annual household income

42. North Dakota’s Uninsured

43. What is percentage and number of the uninsured in North Dakota? • 8.2% of North Dakotans are uninsured • 51,920 people • Similar to the population of Bismarck

44. How does North Dakota’s uninsured percentage compare with the U.S.?

45. Who are the uninsured by gender?

46. Health Uninsurance*by Race/Ethnicity

47. What is the percentage of uninsured in each geographic group?

48. Where do the uninsured reside?

49. Who are the uninsured by age?

50. Among the uninsured, have you ever been insured?