1 / 18

Modules 3-1/4-2/4-3

Modules 3-1/4-2/4-3. Stress & Promoting Health. Adult Health Immune System. Capacity declines after age 20, partially due to thymus and inability to produce mature T cells Stress and depression can also weaken the immune system. Adult Health - States of Mind.

jordan-huffman
Download Presentation

Modules 3-1/4-2/4-3

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Modules 3-1/4-2/4-3 Stress & Promoting Health

  2. Adult Health Immune System • Capacity declines after age 20, partially due to thymus and inability to produce mature T cells • Stress and depression can also weaken the immune system

  3. Adult Health - States of Mind • Western stereotype: deterioration is inevitable • In one study, people with positive self-perceptions of aging live 7 ½ years longer • More optimistic elders are about capacity to cope with physical challenge, better they are at overcoming threats to health • Low SES elders are less likely to believe they can control their health, to seek medical treatment, or to follow doctors’ orders.

  4. Taking Care of Yourself in Adulthood • Nutrition/obesity • Exercise • Substance Abuse

  5. Nutrition – Obesity in Adulthood • 20-25% of American adults are obese. Rate has doubled since 1900. • Another 41% are overweight. • Many people show large weight gains between ages 25 and 40 as BMR declines.

  6. Nutrition – Obesity in Adulthood • Adult obesity correlated with increased risk of hypertension, diabetes, & cardiovascular disease • May be a genetic propensity for obesity. It tends to run in families. (May also be learned eating patterns.)

  7. Nutrition Adult Dieting • People who lost weight and maintain the loss become less depressed and reduce health risks. • Studies comparing weight-loss programs shows about equal effectiveness. • The most effective programs include exercise. • Yo-Yo dieting may increase health risks.

  8. Caloric Restriction & Longevity • Animals fed a low-calorie, but otherwise nutritious diet live as much as 40% longer. • Chronic problems such as high cholesterol appear later. • No one really knows why this increases the lifespan.

  9. Nutrition: Vitamins & Aging • Those who take supplements show improved health & physical functioning • Protein supplements may increase muscle mass • Taking prescription drugs changes nutritional needs, rates of absorption • Effective doses, side-effects not known

  10. Nutrition: Vitamins & Aging • Antioxidants (A,C, beta carotene) may slow aging & improve older adult health • Vitamin C deficiency associated with earlier death • Vitamin E associated with reduced heart risk • Calcium, vitamin D delay osteoporosis. • Zinc, B6, C, and E improve immune function • B vitamins improve cognitive function

  11. Exercise - Adulthood • Only 15-20% of Americans get 20 minutes of exercise 5 times per week. • Experts recommend that adults engage in 45 minutes or more of moderate physical activity on most or all days. • Some experts stress aerobic exercise – sustained activity that stimulates heart & lung function (jogging, cycling, swimming)

  12. Exercise & Longevity • In one study, people who were less fit were more likely to die during the 8-year course of the study. • In another study of people in their 40s to the 80s, beginning an exercise program was associated with a 23% lower risk of death.

  13. Benefits of Exercise • enhances the immune system. • reduces body fat and builds muscle. • linked with reduced rates of cancer, especially colon cancer. • strengthens the heart muscle and produces HDL cholesterol • reduces anxiety and depression, improves mood, and enhances alertness and energy.

  14. Exercise & Aging • Strength training as well as aerobic exercise is recommended for older adults. • Endurance training produces gains in vital capacity to age 80 (oldest tested). • Weight-bearing exercise promotes muscle size and strength, blood flow to muscles to age 90 (oldest tested). • Exercise increases blood circulation to the brain & reduces cognitive declines.

  15. Exercise & Aging (Singh, 2000) • Minimizes aging, contributes to health • Optimize body composition (muscle v. fat) • Prevents common diseases • Improves treatment of some diseases • Helps prevent & treat disabilities • Counteracts side-effects of standard medical care • Linked to increased longevity

  16. Theories of Aging

  17. Biological Theories of Aging • Cellular clock (Hayflick) • 70-80 cell divisions, based on telomeres • 120-year lifespan • Free-radical • Calorie restriction • antioxidants

  18. Biological Theories of Aging • Mitochondrial • Cellular energy producers • Linked to free radical theory • Hormonal Stress • hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis • Stress & decline in immune function

More Related