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PIPING & INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAMS (P&IDs). FORMATS AND ELECTRIC POWER DESIGN. LINE NUMBER. 101. 102. 103. 104. 105. LINE SIZE in. 4. 6. 6. 8. 12. MEDIA. R.M. 1. R.M. 2. RXTR PROD. STEAM. COMP. AIR. M. O. C. 316 SS. 316 SS. 316 SS. 304 SS. C.S. INSULATED. YES. YES. NO.
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PIPING & INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAMS (P&IDs) FORMATS AND ELECTRIC POWER DESIGN
LINE NUMBER 101 102 103 104 105 LINE SIZE in. 4 6 6 8 12 MEDIA R.M. 1 R.M. 2 RXTR PROD STEAM COMP. AIR M. O. C. 316 SS 316 SS 316 SS 304 SS C.S. INSULATED YES YES NO YES NO PIPE DATA ON P&IDs • SIZES BASED ON VELOCITY AND/OR PRESSURE DROPS. • MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION • INSULATION AND TRACING, IF REQUIRED • CAN BE LISTED IN A PIPE SCHEDULE AT THE BOTTOM OF THE SHEET. http://www.currenthvac.net/images/AutoCad2.jpg
http://www.controleng.com/contents/images/ctl0505ip1b.gif LOOP DATA ON P&ID’S • MOST LOOPS WILL BE DESIGNATED BY: • A SINGLE BUBBLE • CONNECTED TO SENSOR • AND CONTROLLED INSTRUMENT OR INTERLOCK.
CONTROL ON P&IDs • ALL PRIMARY CONTROL LOOPS SHOULD BE SHOWN • ALL SUPERVISORY ALARMS SHOULD BE INDICATED ON THE DIAGRAM • ALL INTERLOCKED ALARMS SHOULD BE INDICATED ON THE DIAGRAM • PLCs SHOULD BE SHOWN CONNECTED TO CONTROL ELEMENTS
TO LOW PRESSURE INTERLOCK CONNECTIONS TO CONTROL ELEMENT TO HIGH PRESSURE INTERLOCK CONNECTIONS I PC I PS PALL PAHH PAL PAH PRIMARY CONTROL AND ALARMS ON P&IDs
REACTOR PLC S PS LS TS FCV TYPICAL PLC CONNECTIONS
http://www.industrialtext.com/Support/Logic_Symbols.PDF PLC LOGIC DIAGRAMS • CREATED AS SEPARATE DOCUMENTS • NEED TO BE LINKED TO THE ELECTRICAL AND INSTRUMENT DIAGRAMS • USE LADDER LOGIC SYMBOLOGY
STANDARD DRAWINGS • INCLUDE DETAILS FOR COMPONENTS IN THE CONTROL LOOP • STANDARD DRAWINGS SHOULD BE ATTACHED TO THE P&ID SET • STANDARD DRAWINGS SHOULD BE NOTED ON ALL P&ID’s.
STANDARD DRAWING CONFIGURATION • CONTROL BUBBLE SHOULD INCLUDE A HORIZONTAL LINE IF THE SIGNAL IS SHOWN IN THE CONTROL ROOM. • INTERLOCKS SHOULD BE CONNECTED TO ALL DEVICES IN THE LOOP INCLUDING THE ALARMS. • SEE TEXT FIGURE D-6 FOR COMMON SYMBOLS
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS • POWER, GROUNDING & CONTROL • POWER DESIGN - DELIVERY OF POWER TO DRIVERS IN THE FACILITY
POWER DELIVERY • TYPICAL SUPPLY IS AT 13.8 Kv • CAN BE USED TO DRIVE LARGE MOTORS • REQUIRES SPECIAL METHODS FOR START-UP AND SHUT DOWN OPERATIONS • IN-PLANT DISTRIBUTION CAN BE AT 4160 V OR 440 V • 4160 V CAN BE USED TO DRIVE LARGER MOTORS • 460/480 V IS THE TYPICAL LEVEL FOR MOST LOW - MEDIUM HP UNITS • LOWER LEVELS ARE USED FOR LIGHTING, SMALL MOTORS AND CONTROL SYSTEMS.
http://www.hupp-electric.com/graphics/service.jpg DISTRIBUTION FOR MOTOR DRIVERS • AC MOTORS • CONSTANT SPEED SQUIRREL CAGE OPERATING ON 60 Hz CURRENT, CAN RUN AT 3600/1800/1200/900/600/450 RPM, DEPENDING ON THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE WINDINGS • WOUND-ROTOR INDUCTION • VARIABLE FREQUENCY ALLOW DIFFERENT SPEEDS • DC MOTORS • USE RECTIFIES TO PRODUCE CONSTANT SPEED OPERATION • THERE IS AN INHERENT LOSS IN EFFICIENCY FOR THESE UNITS. • SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS • HAVE A CONSTANT SPEED OPERATION BASED ON THE POWER SUPPLY FREQUENCY
MOTOR CONTROL CENTERS • CONTAIN THE STARTERS FOR THE VARIOUS TYPES OF MOTORS • CONTAIN THE OVERLOADS AND CONTROL CONNECTIONS FOR THE MOTORS http://www.automation.siemens.com/cd/sivacon/html_76/8pt_motorcontrolcenter_einschub.htm
http://www.power-technology.com/contractor_images/al-babtain/4-distribution_pole.jpghttp://www.power-technology.com/contractor_images/al-babtain/4-distribution_pole.jpg http://www.fpc.unc.edu/construction/projects.asp?Project=105&Update=022105 POWER DISTRIBUTION • CAN BE OVERHEAD USING POLES OR CABLE TRAYS • CAN BE UNDERGROUND USING DUCT BANKS • LOCALLY IS THROUGH CONDUIT
http://www.cybro-plc.com/cybro.htm CONTROL SYSTEMS • CONNECTED INTERLOCK SYSTEMS • LOGIC DIAGRAMS INDICATE THE STRUCTURE • ACTUAL PROGRAM MAY BE ON PLC. • SEND SIGNALS TO STARTERS
http://www.geotech-inc.com/images/LIGHTNING%202.jpg GROUNDING SYSTEMS • GROUNDING SYSTEMS ARE SET UP INDEPENDENT OF THE ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM • EVERYTHING THAT CAN CONDUCT IS CONNECTED TO THE GROUNDING SYSTEM