Implementation of science-based risk analysis for application of SPS measures in Australia

1. Implementation of science-based risk analysis for application of SPS measures in Australia

2. The Risk Analysis Process Transparency and consultation The AQIS Import Risk Analysis Process Handbook available on-line at www.aqis.gov.au Technical analysis International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures No.2

3. The AQIS Import Risk Analysis (IRA) Process

4. Technical analysis (ISPM No. 2)

5. A Case Study - Importation of Ya Pear from Hebei Province, People’s Republic of China … In 1991 China requested access to Australia for Ya pear…

6. Risk assessment - 120 pests were found to be associated with fruit in proposed export areas - Quarantine status of these pests was determined from information provided by China, supplemented by Australian literature investigation and field visits - Introduction potential, economic impact was assessed - 18 pests determined to be of quarantine concern to Australia

7. Risk management Oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera spp.) - Trapping program to detect seasonal incursions Brown rot (Monilinia fructigena) - Orchard freedom by survey plus petal testing Japanese pear rust(Gymnosporangium asiaticum ) - Host removal to 2 km radius or chemical control and bagging of fruit Pear scab(Venturia nashicola) - Early season petal test, orchard survey fruit bagging, orchard hygiene and inspection and certification

9. Final importation conditions Orchards and packing facilities registered by Chinese quarantine authorities Pest management measures applied Measures to verify status of quarantine pests in place Joint inspection and phytosanitary certification Review of conditions after the first season of export

10. Issues raised in response to the Draft IRA Status of fire blight in China Orchard monitoring for fruit diseases Latent fruit diseases Pest occurrence/status Fruit fly area freedom Post harvest treatments

12. Trade outcome 78 containers of fruit (approximately 1700 tonne) imported from late 1999 to early 2000 No consignments rejected as a result of pests associated with the imported fruit

13. Science in support of Australian exports ISPM No: 4 - Pest Free Areas Similar to the OIE concept of regionalisation Technical submission to support fruit fly free status of south eastern Australia Major trading partners accept produce from fruit fly free area without treatment Area freedom worth more than $70 million to Australia p.a

14. Technical data provided to verify: The nature and status of the PFA The systems that establish freedom Phytosanitary measures that maintain freedom Ongoing checks to verify freedom is maintained Ongoing documentation, audit and review of the area

15. Differences between terrestrial animal and plant risk analysis: There are more plant species in commercial production world wide Plants have more damaging pests There is less quantitative data available for scientific risk analysis Pests have broader host ranges

16. The consequences of incursion are insidious (rarely cause widespread mortality) • Fewer international standards • Less experience in application of standards • Fewer plant health experts • Significant ongoing challenges