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Plate Tectonics & Mountain Building: Earth's Dynamic Forces

Explore the Earth's structure, plate movements, and mountain ranges such as Himalayas, Rockies, and Andes. Learn about plate margins - diverging, converging, and lateral movements, and how lithosphere interacts with the asthenosphere.

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Plate Tectonics & Mountain Building: Earth's Dynamic Forces

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  1. Plate Tectonics & Mountain Building

  2. The World’s Mountain Ranges Himalayas Rockies Alps Andes Alpine-Himalayan Belt Circum-Pacific Belt

  3. Plate Tectonics Structure of the Earth

  4. Structure of the Earth • Crust • Mantle • Core • Lithosphere = Crust + Upper Mantle • Lower Mantle : convection currents of magma Asthenosphere

  5. Plate Tectonics Plates and Plate margins

  6. The World’s major Plates Eurasian Plate North American Plate Plate African Plate Plate Pacific Plate South American Plate Nazca Plate Indo-Australian Plate Australia Plate

  7. Plates movements & Plate margins How do the plates move?  Diverging; Converging; lateral movement Plate margins: • Diverging/Constructive plate margin • Converging/Destructive plate margin • Conservative/Passive plate margin

  8. The lithosphere and the asthenosphere Lithosphere Asthenosphere

  9. Constructive Plate Margin : Oceans Oceanic Ridge Magma thrusts up Rifting/faulting Two plates move apart

  10. Mid-Atlantic Ridge Indian Ridge

  11.  Constructive Plate Margin: continent Lava intrusion and extrusion Plate movement Displacement of rock strata under normal faulting

  12. East African Rift Valley System

  13. Oldoiyo Volcano, E. African Rift Valley

  14.  Destructive Plate Margin Sea Trench Rising magma Melting of crust Two plates converge Heavier plate squeezed down Subduction

  15. Sea Trenches

  16.  Passive Plate Margin San Andrea’s Fault

  17. San Andrea’s Fault

  18. Plate Margins & Ocean Floors

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