Preliminary Items

1. Preliminary Items Prayer Books Roll

2. Class Administration • New Seats • Collection of Book Reports • Review of APA/OWL homework • Project Topic Choice: A preliminary statement explaining why you are choosing this topic and what you expect to learn is due on 08 September 2008. • Homework Discussion

3. State standards • 12.1 Students explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy... • 12.7 Students analyze and compare the powers and procedures of the national, state, tribal, and local governments.

4. ESLRs • Summarized ESLR’s • E1. God centered faith and moral consciousness • E2. Life long learners, technically skilled • E3.Communicate, reason, analyze • E4.Responsible and accountable appreciate others working for justice

5. Character Counts Six Pillars • Six Pillars of Character • P1. TRUSTWORTHINESS • P2. RESPECT • P3. RESPONSIBILITY • P4. FAIRNESS • P5. CARING • P6. CITIZENSHIP

6. As was mentioned, • students must have their materials in their possession when in the classroom. Textbooks, notebooks, paper and pen are normal items. Students failing to have their materials will forfeit a point from their preparation grade for each item and may receive a tardy detention.

7. Chapter 24 STATE GOVERNMENT

8. Homework for week of 01 September: • Read Chapter 24. Practice review questions from end of chapter; p. 714 sections 1, 2, 3, 4, & 5. • Terms: Popular sovereignty, initiative, statutory law, police power, referendum, recall, item veto, pardon, common law, precedent, civil law, jury, bench trial, preliminary hearing, appellate jurisdiction. • Read Chapter 25. Practice review questions from end of chapter; p. 746 sections 1, 2, 3 & 4. • Terms: incorporation, charter, and metropolitan area, county, .Mayor-council govt, strong-mayor govt, weak-mayor govt, commission govt, council-manager govt. zoning, entitlement, property-tax, sales-tax.

9. Notes Grade. • Students are required to take detailed notes with observations. To ensure this the notes grade substitutes for lowest unit test grade. Notes Grade scale of 0-10 is converted to a 100 point score for purposes of substituting for one unit test score. • 0- makes no observations, no explanation • 5- copies terms and definitions from text. • 6- copies terms and definitions from text and explains them in own words. • 7- makes some assessments/observations using correct vocabulary. • 9- makes accurate assessments/observations using correct vocabulary. • 10- makes accurate assessments/observations using correct vocabulary with predictions and cites examples from class.

10. Section 1: State Constitutions • Although a State's constitution is the supreme law of that State, it is still subordinate to the national Constitution in that it cannot conflict with any form of federal law. • It sets out the way the State is governed. • Each State constitution is based on popular sovereignty and limited government. • Due to length, age, and numerous alterations, many State constitutions are in need of reform.

11. Section 2: State Legislatures • State legislatures are the lawmaking bodies of the States, but they also have some nonlegislative powers. The organization of State legislature is similar to that of Congress. The voters themselves can take a direct part in the lawmaking process in several States, through the initiative and the referendum.

12. Section 3: The Governor and State Administration • The governor is the chief executive of a State. • Although a governor's executive powers are limited in several important ways, dynamic governors can use the prestige of the office, personal power of persuasion, and informal tactics to accomplish their goals. • In most States, other important executive officers are also directly elected by the people.

13. Section 4: In the Courtroom • Five forms of law make up the code of conduct by which our society is governed. • common law, One of the most important which develops through precedent. • Law can be classified as either criminal or civil. • Grand juries are sometimes used to indict in criminal cases; • Petit juries decide cases in trials. • Many States are now moving away from the use of both kinds of juries.

14. Section 5: The Courts and Their Judges • State courts hear tens of thousands of cases each year, criminal and civil. • Many of these cases involve only minor offenses or routine quarrels. • Others involve horrific crimes or disputes involving millions of dollars.

15. Chapter 25 • LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND FINANCE

16. Section 1: Counties, Towns, and Townships • The structure of local government varies from State to State. The county government is a major unit of local government in most States, although towns or townships are more important in some States. Our daily lives are affected by the decisions that these governments make.

17. Section 2: Cities and Metropolitan Areas • Today, some 80% of the nation's population lives in cities and their surrounding suburbs. • The larger the urban population, the more extensive the need for services, efficient and responsive government, and creative solutions to problems.

18. Section 3: Providing Important Services • People are often unaware of the vast array of services provided by State and local governments. The cost of these services has become a huge burden to many States, which struggle to keep up with the expenses of growing populations.

19. Section 4: Financing State and Local Government • The power to tax is one of the major powers reserved to the States in the Federal system. Although some limitations apply, a State can levy taxes as it chooses. These taxes range from those levied on one's income to those levied on the items one purchases. Without the income provided by taxes, neither State nor local governments could afford to provide the basic services we expect as American citizens.

20. UNIT TEST ONE • Chapters 24 and 25