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Explore human factors design principles for classroom development. Learn about visual and aural perception considerations, body size and movement guidelines, and the importance of ergonomic design. Discover practical solutions for screen size, speaker performance, and system requirements. Gain insights into program statements, design packages, construction docs, and equipment lists. Enhance your understanding of viewing cones, seating arrangements, and architectural details for optimal classroom functionality.
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The Enhanced Classroom Development Process: Standards and Practices Andrew Faunce, Dartmouth College Michael Ney, Gettysburg College
The Enhanced Classroom Development Process: Standards and Practices Part I Design Theory Andrew Faunce
Large Screen Presentation Human Factors Design Principles Design Deliverables
Human Factors Visual Perception Aural Perception Body Size and Movement
10 Mins. of Arc (V) ¼” Height for Every 7’ Distance a (N.T.S.) a Visual Perception Based on IDEAL Conditions Unreliable Beyond 90 Degree (H) Viewing Cone Central Vision – Detail Peripheral Vision – Motion
? Aural Perception Directional Cues Level Differences Perceived at 2dB
Body Size • Head Height – 4’0” • Eye Height – 3’6” • Ear Height – 3’6”
HORIZONTAL VERTICAL 30 35 60 45 60 (N.T.S.) Body Movement EASY/MAX Head/Eye Movement
Design Principles • Viewing Distances • Image Size • Angles of View • Line of Sight • Sound System Requirements • Speaker Performance and Placement
a X 8 X 6 X 4 Most Distant Viewer • General Viewing • Reading/Detail • Inspection = 8 x Screen Height = 6 x Screen Height = 4 x Screen Height
/4 /6 /8 Screen Height Calculation • General Viewing = MDV / 8 • Reading/Detail = MDV / 6 • Inspection = MDV / 4
Screen (top view) Closest Viewer Calculation Closest Viewer = 1 x Screen Width Ergonomic Easy to Remember All Viewers in 90 degree (H) Viewing Cone
Angle of View - Horizontal Solving for ALL Possible 90 Degree Viewing Cones Most Reliable Best for Inspection Most Costly
Angle of View - Horizontal Solving for 90 degree Viewing Cone (1) Reliable for Reading and Moderate Detail Viewing Used Most Often
Angle of View - Horizontal Solving for the UNION of all 90 degree Viewing Cones Acceptable for General Viewing (VIDEO) Less Costly
Sound System System Requirements Speaker Performance Speaker Location
System Requirements Directional Sound • Location Cues Important (Videos) • Speakers Mounted Near Screen • High Ceilings w/ Line of Sight to Viewers Distributed Sound • Location Cues Not Important • Ceiling Speakers (typical) • Low Ceilings or Interrupted Line of Sight
R = ceiling ht – 3’6” S = 1.4 x R 90 -3dB -3dB S R Distributed Sound
Distributed Sound • More Ceiling Height = Wider Coverage • Zone Speakers Front to Back to Compensate Zone 3 Zone 2 Zone 1
Design Deliverables Programming: • “Program Statement” Design: • “Design Package” • “Not for Construction” Docs Construction: • “Build Package” • “Construction” Docs
Program Statement Text Description of Requirements • Room Functions • Seat Count/Arrangement • Logistics of Use • System Performance Provide Examples and as Much Detail as Possible
AV Design/Build Package • Equipment List • AV Block or Flow Diagram • Control Block / Touch Screen Layouts • Architectural - Plan, Elevations, Section, RCP • Details – racks, plates, mounts, casework • Riser – conduits, j-boxes, cable • Services Provided “By Others”
Plan • Screens • Viewing Cones (H) • Seating • Furnishings • Equipment
Reflected Ceiling Plan (RCP) • Screens • Speaker Locations • Speaker Coverage • Projector Mounts • Lighting Fixtures • HVAC Vents • Sprinkler Heads
Front, Side, Back Screens Whiteboard/Lighting Equipment Furnishings Controls/Plates Elevations
Vertical Angle of View Line of Sight Speaker Coverage Projector Light Paths Section
References • International Communications Industries Association (ICIA) www.icia.org • Angles of View – DA-LITE Screen Company www.da-lite.com • Time-Saver Standards for Interior Design and Space Planning, De Chiara
Contact Info Andrew Faunce Instructional Services/Computing Services - Dartmouth College 6195 North Fairbanks - Hanover, NH 03755 andrew.g.faunce@dartmouth.edu http://www.dartmouth.edu/~insvcs/ 603.646.3614 voice 603.646.1343 fax