1 / 36

Disaster Mitigation in Health Facilities: Wind Effects Nonstructural Issues

Disaster Mitigation in Health Facilities: Wind Effects Nonstructural Issues. Nonstructural elements to consider when assessing vulnerability. ARCHITECTURAL. EQUIPMENT. BASIC INSTALLATIONS. Fa ç ades Roof covers Parapets Chimneys Plaster Glass windows

joshua-savage
Download Presentation

Disaster Mitigation in Health Facilities: Wind Effects Nonstructural Issues

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Disaster Mitigation in Health Facilities: Wind Effects Nonstructural Issues

  2. Nonstructural elements to consider when assessing vulnerability ARCHITECTURAL EQUIPMENT BASIC INSTALLATIONS • Façades • Roof covers • Parapets • Chimneys • Plaster • Glass windows • Attachments (signs, antennae,etc) • Ornaments • Canopies • Railings • Doors and exit routes • Medical equipment • Industrial equipment • Supplies • Office equipment • Medical and industrial gases • Air conditioning • Electrical generator • Hydraulic networks • Electric networks

  3. Nonstructural vulnerability assessment methods • Previous experience • Visual inspection • Data collection • Non-destructive tests • Mathematical models • Structural analysis and design • Wind tunnel analysis • Retrofitting recommendations • Equipment classification

  4. Standards and codes must cover components and claddings The trend for international standards is to adopt and adapt the ASCE-7 approach for components and claddings.

  5. p = qh [(GCp) - (GCpi)] F = qzGCf Af Towers, signs, tanks, silos Design pressure for components and cladding and design force for special and open structures (ASCE-7) Design pressure Design force

  6. Criteria for equipment classification Indispensable:Equipment that can not easily or economically be replaced and is essential for the provision of health services. Essential: Similar to indispensable equipment, except that it can be replaced easily or cheaply. Hazardous: Equipment that can injure people and damage objects. Chaotic: Equipment whose failure may cause disruption to its environs. Functional: Equipment that is not used for emergency health care.

  7. Hipped roof recommended over flat roof

  8. Gabled roof with slopes of 20 to 30 degrees are preferred against hurricanes Hatched area indicates where more frequent fixings are required PLAN ISOMETRIC Gabled roof

  9. Self-tapping screw Metal sheeting Spacer block Rafter purlin Galvanized hurricane strap fixed to rafter and purlin Ridge connection Valley connection Metal sheet fixings and purlin-to-rafter connection Connection details between metal sheet roof and purlins

  10. Typical connection system between metal sheet roof and masonry wall

  11. Nonstructural elementsare not designed to resist direct loads Failure of an unreinforced masonry wall without an adequate base anchorage

  12. Shutters protect against the penetration of flying objects and water

  13. For a hospital it is essential to have protection against penetration of windborne debris and water

  14. Anchorage of protective shutters on outside walls

  15. Anchorage system of shutters on interior columns

  16. Exterior doors must be protected against internal and external pressures through adequate anchorages

  17. Window deformations due to the impact of windborne debris

  18. Impact of windborne debris against louvre windows

  19. An unprotected window is vulnerable in the event of a hurricane

  20. Roll-up or permanent shutters are the best way to protect windows against hurricanes

  21. Surface bolts to secure when closed Shutter panels fixed to frame PLAN Storm shutter in open position ELEVATION Permanent window shutter details

  22. Housing chamber for roll-up shutter Shutter guide ELEVATION CROSS SECTION Details of roll-up shutter

  23. Adequate anchorage of hospital equipment will ensure continuous service

  24. An example of good anchorage on exterior hospital equipment

  25. Exterior equipment should be anchored with special bands

  26. External oxygen and gas tanks should not be loose

  27. Correct anchorage of external oxygen and gas tanks to walls

  28. Restraints and fasteners for larger external equipment

  29. Failure of a metallic roof cover and an unreinforced masonry wall

  30. Metal sheet roof of a health center was destroyed by hurricane-force winds

  31. Damage to the façade due to failure of a neighboring building

  32. Windborne debris on a structure A roof from a structure located 100 m away was violently thrown by the strong winds of a hurricane

  33. Impact of windborne debris on a plywood hurricane shutter

  34. Windborne debris perforates shutter and glass behind it

  35. Health center damaged by a water tank thrown by hurricane winds

  36. Pan American Health Organization, 2005 These slides have been made possible through the financial support of the Disaster Preparedness Program of the Humanitarian Aid Office, ECHO (DIPECHO-III) Grupo de Estabilidad Estructural (Ge2) / INTEC Ave Los Próceres, Galá Apdo 349-2 Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic Ph: (809) 567-9271 Fax: (809) 566-3200 danielc@intec.edu.do www.intec.edu.do

More Related