Investing in a time of disruptive change…

1. Investing in a time of disruptive change… Rachel Bruce, Programme Director, JISC Picture credits at the end

2. Investing in a time of disruptive change… • My context • Changes • How we’ve respond and options for the way forward

3. Mode of distribution

4. e-everything • e-journals • e-books • e-learning • e-research • Born digital R & L • = New processes

5. The scale of the problem in relation to managing & sharing research data?

6. Open Science, Open Educational Resources

7. JISC & the British Library: Google Generation Report

8. “Generation Y” “ … thinking and processing information fundamentally differently from their predecessors” (Prensky 2001, np). “ …they trusted the results they got on Google above those from Librarians.” (Connaway/Radford) Patience v want it now Meta-search v full text Complexity v simplicity Logical linear learning v multi-tasking Largely text-based v multi media Learning from expert v figure it out yourself Lynn Silipigni Connaway, OCLC, Programs and Research

9. Q. How do you see the future of libraries? Are they becoming obsolete?A. For scientific research, probably. There is a need for purchasing which should be done nationally by specialists but most of the rest will be web-based. (Peter Murray-Rust, Cambridge University ) ” Libraries are providing these high growth fields [information provision to scientists] value in the acquisition of resources - for example licensing costly journal collections - but otherwise have been relatively absent from the workflow…” The library is generally becoming less visible and the perceived dependency on the library reduced (humanities academics having more dependency than scientists). The report summarises this as ” although librarians may still be providing significant value to their constituency, the value of the brand is decreasing” ( Ithaka)

10. “In fine weather I like to sit under a tree in local parklands”, Student, University of Oxford – JISC, Responding to Learners

11. The perfect storm

13. Chaos for eveyone • “…the current system is so brittle, and the alternatives are so speculative, that there’s no hope for a simple and orderly transition from State A to State B. Chaos is our lot; the best we can do is identify the various forces at work shaping various possible futures.” Clay Shirky

14. buildings systems Changes people

16. What do we do with what we’ve got ?

17. software is designed around institutional processes for managing local print collections – acquisition, accession, circulation, restricted loan, reservation - these were the automated manual systems. • electronic materials management and access to global resources requiring different processes which have been appended to these systems over time. • Seen – Electronic Resource Management, Open URL Resolvers, Metasearch engines.

18. “Libraries can do much more to open up their metadata for re-use. Players such as OCLC and TALIS already offer platforms that enable library data to be re-used. OCLC’s Worldcat…enables the find this book in a library link from Google Scholar…begs the question of 180 or so separate OPACs alongside …M25, COPAC and SUNCAT. The costs of thisduplication must be considerable and the limitations of this approach increasingly frustrating to users of the Google Generation.”

19. See the wood for the trees… Connectedness, platform, network effect (JISC/SCONUL LMS Study, 2008)

20. TILE • investigate Library 2.0 in UK HE • i.e. current library uses of Web 2.0 applications and services to identify the most significant related challenges (‘Pain Points’) facing library systems development & document using the methodology of the international e-Framework. • to propose a high level library domain model positioning these challenges in a library ‘business process’ context which might assist library service partners to develop a shared articulation of service objectives and functions.

21. TILE Pain Point Deriving Context My I.D. From VLE or Registry? My Studies Modules from VLE or VRE My Activity LMS/VLE/etc Click streams My Context My Networks e.g. FaceBook Subject Networks My Responses Bookmarks Reviews & Ratings Not in initial specification My Publications Academic Standing My Parameters Incl. Location & Override My Interests Keywords User controlled HE ‘controlled’ Automated

22. Usage data and click streams “ Supermarkets gain valuable insights into user behaviour by data mining purchases and uncovering usage trends. Further insights are gained by analysing purchasing histories, facilitated by the use of store loyalty cards.” “ Librariescould gain valuable insights into user behaviour by data mining borrowing and uncovering usage trends. Further insights are gained by analysing borrowing histories, facilitated by the use of library cards.” Dave Pattern, University of Huddersfield – TILE Workshop – December 2008

23. Network level workflow Google, … Personal Workflow RSS, toolbars, .. Institutional Workflow Portals, CMS, IR, … … Integrated local user environment? Library web presence Resource sharing, … library Consumer environments Management environment Bought Licensed Faculty& students Digitized Aggregations Resource sharing Dempsey – October 2007

24. Above Business Requirements – Realms? Corporation Channel Client

25. Realm > Requirement > ProcessDecomposition Examples • Corporate • Build Assets • select, acquire • Manage Assets • ingest, curate, monitor • Exploit Assets • describe, enhance, expose • etc • Channel • Access • register, find, locate, deliver • Add Value • recognise, advise, contextualise, store • Client • Consume • register, find, access, reference, store • Contribute • comment, enhance, share Example Realm Corporate > Requirement > Manage Assets >> Process >> Ingest >>> Function >>> Barcode books

26. “[The challenge is] how can local institutional needs and for global discovery develop sympathetically and efficiently together “ “The difficulties [arise from] our changed requirements and the fact that we don't appear to be able to afford new systems to meet them; therefore traditional vendors don't develop those systems, and open source systems so far seem to replicate the old systems.”

27. HEFCE funded SCONUL Shared Services feasibility • What, if any, opportunities exist to develop a shared service response (possibly Open Source) within the current LMS landscape • Whether there is a viable business case and delivery model to support any such opportunities

28. 4 Library vendors 80% of the market • Vendors are responding but current systems not well placed for future scenarios. • Shared Services provide benefits not generated by market forces. Early draft, unpublished.

29. 83 institutional responses • Minimal differences based on Institution focus (Research, Teaching, Specialist), Service type (e.g. Converged or not) or Library Management System. • Over 60% of the respondents are involved in or planning some form of shared services activity. • Whilst 89% stated they were open to ‘any arrangement that delivers benefits’, a significant number supported a governance mechanism operated by ‘a sector agency’ in the style of JANET (UK). • There was little appetite for an outside operator (17%) or even a single HEI (35%) leading and recruiting partners.

30. 92% interest in a shared service undertaking e-Journals licensing; • 92% interest in a shared service undertaking e-Books licensing; • 84% interest in a shared system for Electronic Resource Management; • 77% interest in a shared service undertaking Electronic Resource Management. • High level of readiness to consider Open Source software (30% with a further 45% neutral)

31. Principal interest is clearly focused around electronic resource licensing and management and general cataloguing (all scoring 84% or greater interest) • Services that would facilitate more efficient and value added resource discovery fell in to the next group with over 50% interest • OPAC, search / locate, ILL • Open Data services • Support functions such as forums and help desk

32. Administration Registry, Finance Learning & Teaching Library Domain Research Infrastructure Storage, Services, Security

33. Shared Services options • Option 1 - ‘Do nothing’ • Option 2 - ‘Advisory Service’ • Option 3 - ‘Discovery to Delivery (D2D) Service’ • Option 4 - ‘LMS Software as a Service (SaaS)’` • Option 5 - ‘e-Content Licensing Scheme with an Electronic Resource Management (ERM) platform’ • Option 6 - ‘e-Content Licensing Scheme with ERM & D2D platform’ • Option 7 - ‘e-Content Licensing Scheme integrated with a total Library Management & Services Platform’ Early draft, unpublished.

34. Direction of Travel E-Books Licensing Phase 3 Phase 2 Local Collection Cataloguing Phase 1 Electronic Resource Cataloguing Electronic Resource Management E-Journals Licensing Circulation Search Locate Deliver E-content Local Digital Content Management Partner Help Desk Recommender Services Search Locate Full Catalogue Inter-Library Loans Print Journals Acquisition Patron Help Desk Acquire Reading Lists Monographs Acquisition Manage Support Service

36. October 6, 2009 • SkyRiver Connects Libraries With New Bibliographic Utility • New service offers clear, cost-effective choice over current marketplace offerings • Emeryville, CA—SkyRiver today publicly announces the launch of its new bibliographic utility service. Already in use in both public and academic libraries, SkyRiver provides a clear, low-cost alternative for cooperative cataloging.

37. Making our assets available to the world ma Linked data Resourceorientated

38. Sustainable scholarship Excellence in learning

39. Keep your eye on the future

40. Expect the Unexpected

41. “We must digitise and democratise. … the point is not to turn our backs on the world but to make the most of this extraordinarily rich university setting in order to share wealth.” Robert Darnton, Harvard University • “ Libraries are about the future of society and free and democratic access to knowledge; the challenge is how to do this in this new global environment…” Sarah Thomas, University of Oxford

42. References 1 • http://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/resourcediscovery/libraryms.aspx JISC SCONUL, Library Management Systems, Horizon Scan • http://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/resourcediscovery/recordreuse.aspx , JISC, Sharing and re-use of catalogue records • http://sconulss.blogspot.com/ SCONUL Shared Services Feasibility Study • Prensky, Marc. 2001. “Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants.” On the Horizon 9(5). URL: http://www.marcprensky.com/writing. • Connaway, L. Radford, M. 2007. “ Service Sea Change: Clicking with screenagers through virtual reference” http://www.oclc.org/research/publications/archive/2007/connaway-acrl.pdf • http://www.ithaka.org/ithaka-s-r/research/Ithakas%202006%20Studies%20of%20Key%20Stakeholders%20in%20the%20Digital%20Transformation%20in%20Higher%20Education.pdf • http://www.rin.ac.uk/our-work/communicating-and-disseminating-research/e-journals-their-use-value-and-impact, RIN, CIBER University College London • http://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/resourcediscovery/googlegen.aspx Google Generation, JISC / BL, CIBER University College London

43. References 2 • http://info.scopus.com/researchtrends/archive/RT4/cou_tre.htm, Research Trends • http://ie-repository.jisc.ac.uk/407/1/Students_Use_of_Research_Content.pdf, Students use of research content in teaching and learning, University of Central Lancashire , Centre for Research Informed Teaching • http://jisc.ac.uk/media/documents/publications/lxppostcards.pdf, http://jisc.ac.uk/media/documents/publications/lxp4.pdf , JISC Responding to Learners • http://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/resourcediscovery/tile.aspx, Towards Implementation of Library 2.0 and the e-Framework (TILE) • http://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/inf11/mosaic.aspx, Making our shared activity information count (MOSAIC) • http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all~content=a914077465, Volume 15, Issue 1, 2009, Academic Digital Libraries of the Future: An Environment Scan, Professor Derek Law

44. Research data reports • Keeping Research Data Safe: http://www.jisc.ac.uk/publications/documents/keepingresearchdatasafe.aspx • Dealing with Data: Roles, Rights, Responsibilities and Relationships: http://www.jisc.ac.uk/media/documents/programmes/digitalrepositories/dealing_with_data_report-final.pdf • OSI e-infrastructure: http://www.nesc.ac.uk/documents/OSI/report.pdf • UKRDS final report: http://ukrds.ac.uk/resources/ • Spectra Final report: http://ie-repository.jisc.ac.uk/387/ • Skills, Role & Career Structure of Data Scientists & Curators: http://www.jisc.ac.uk/publications/documents/dataskillscareersfinalreport.aspx • IPR and Licensing Issues in Derived Data : http://www.jisc.ac.uk/media/documents/projects/iprinderiveddatareport.pdf

45. Image credits • Keep an eye on the future: Concept for augmented reality mobile phone: http://www.flickr.com/photos/leonardlow/310039863/ - Veritas Lux • Google Generation: http://www.flickr.com/photos/eole/380316678 - Éole • Web: http://www.flickr.com/photos/foxypar4/2124673642/ - foxypar4 • Tightrope: http://www.flickr.com/photos/tammys_world/1785770650 -Smiles Are Free is Taking Midterms Missing Flickr's photostream • Perfect Storm: http://www.flickr.com/photos/24632781@N00/3712160090/ - girlguyed • Rabbit in headlights: http://www.flickr.com/photos/greendragonflygirl/3422823442/ - greendragonflygirl • e-everthing: http://www.flickr.com/photos/14922438@N00/225171152/ - yellowfilter • Changes/old book: http://www.flickr.com/photos/98469445@N00/327471676/ - vmax1978 • Penguins: Professor Derek Law. Other photos: Rachel Bruce

46. Acknowledgements • Thanks to David Kay of Sero Consulting for the use of some of his slides from the studies he has led for JISC and SCONUL.