English 370

1. English 370 Thursday, February 28, 2013 Melissa Gunby

2. Freewrite • If you lived 200 years ago, which would be the best to own: a horse, a cow, or a dozen chickens? Why?

3. Today’s Agenda • Introduction of Essay 2 • Activity based on the theme of essay 2 • Hunger Games discussion and activities • Review: Clauses, fragments, and run-ons

4. Reflections on the American Psyche: Advertising and Popular Culture Essay 2

5. Ad Analysis Activity • To start thinking about this essay assignment, we’re going to play with some advertising found in magazines. • Please see the handout that I’ve given you.

6. Chapters 10-12 The Hunger Games

7. As always, let’s start with your questions, thoughts, etc.

8. When Peeta declares his love for Katniss, does he really mean it, or did Haymitch create the “star-crossed lovers” story to get popularity from the Capitol’s citizens? What does Haymitch mean when he says “it’s all a big show. It’s all how your perceived”? Why do they need to impress sponsors and what are those sponsors looking for when they are watching the Games?

9. Before the Games start, Peeta tells Katniss “I want to die as myself…Iwon’t want them to change me in there. Turn me into some kind of monster that I’m not. What does this tell you about Peeta? What does he fear more than death? Is he able to stay true to himself during the Games (do you think?)

11. Why does Katniss ignore Haymitch’s advice to head directly away from the Cornucopia? Did she do the right thing to fight for equipment/ What are the most important skills she has for staying alive? Her knowledge of nature? Her skills with a bow and arrow? Her trapping ability? What qualities of her personality keep her going? Her capacity for love? Her intelligence? Her self control?

12. Why do you think Peeta joined with the Career Tributes un the beginning of the Games? What does he hope to gain? Why do they accept him when they start hunting as a group? Why do groups form in the beginning when they know only one of them will be able to survive?

13. In what ways is Katniss “playing the game”? • Why do you think Haymitch won’t send her water?

14. Fragments, Run-ons, and Comma Splices Grammar Review

15. Review of clauses from Tuesday But First -

16. Independent Clauses • Independent clauses have a subject and verb, and can stand alone as a sentence • She ran • He spoke • He spoke fluent English

17. Dependent Clauses • CANNOT stand alone as sentences, though they will also contain a subject and verb • When she ran • Although he spoke fluent English

18. Santa Claus

19. How to tell the difference • Independent clauses will sound complete. • Dependent clauses will begin with a connecting word, and won’t sound complete. • Although • When • And • Because • After • While • Since • Santa Claus is a fat man in a red suit with a white beard.

20. Why it matters • Knowing the differences between the types of clauses will help you to identify and correct your mistakes. Some of the most common errors (run-ons and fragments) are caused by joining clauses incorrectly.

21. Finding and Correcting Sentence Fragments (frag)

22. Fragments • A sentence fragment is an incomplete sentence – a clause or a phrase—that is punctuated as if it were a sentence. • Common fragment errors: • Missing a subject • Missing a verb • Missing a subject and verb • Being an incomplete thought

23. Missing a subject • Many astrophysicists now believe that galaxies are distributed in clusters. And even form supercluster complexes.

24. Missing a verb • Every generation has its defining moments. Usually the events with the most news coverage.

25. Missing both subject and verb • Researches are engaged in a variety of studies. Suggesting a link between alcoholism and heredity. • Suggesting looks like a verb, but in this case, it is not the main action verb of the sentence

26. Incomplete Thought(dependent clause) • Bishop Desmond Tutu was awarded the 1984 Nobel Peace Prize. Because he struggled to end apartheid. • The pH meter and the spectrophotometer are two scientific instruments. That changed the chemistry laboratory dramatically.

27. Correcting Sentence Fragments • Attach it to an independent clause • Deleting the conjunction or relative pronoun • Supply the missing subject and/or verb

28. Attach • President Johnson did not seek reelection. For a number of reasons. • Students sometimes take a leave of absence. To decide on definite career goals.

29. Delete • Property taxes rose sharply. Although city services declined. • The battery is dead. Which means the car won’t start.

30. Supply • In 1948, India became independent. Divided into the nations of India and Pakistan. • A familiar trademark can increase a product’s sales. Reminding shoppers that the product has a longstanding reputation.

31. Another trick • Try adding “it is true that” in front of a sentence that you think may be a fragment. A complete sentence will make sense; a fragment will not.

32. Fragment triggers • Look out for the following. They almost always trigger a sentence fragment: • Beginning a sentence with “for example.” • Beginning a sentence with a gerund (-ing) form verb • Beginning a sentence with a subordinating conjunction (however, because, although) • These are words used to set up dependent clauses, which cannot function as sentences without the support of an independent clause.

33. Practice: • Complete the handout I’ve given you. You may work with a partner.

34. Recognizing and Correction Run-On Sentences (ro)

35. Two types of Run-On Sentences • Run-on sentences are two complete sentences that have been fused together with a lack of punctuation (ro). • A comma splice is a run-on sentence that uses a comma to separate two independent clauses (cs).

36. Fused or Run-On Sentence • Charles Dickens created the character of Mr. Micawber he also created Uriah Heep.

37. Comma Splice • Charles Dickens created the character of Mr. Micawber, he also created Uriah Heep. • Charles Dickens created the characters of Mr. Micawber and Uriah Heep.

38. Correcting Run-Ons and Comma Splices • Add a period • Add a semi-colon • Add a coordinating conjunction • Add a subordinating conjunction or relative pronoun

39. Add a Period • In 1894 Frenchman Alfred Dreyfus was falsely convicted of treason his struggle for justice pitted the army against the civil libertarians.

40. Add a semi-colon • Chippendale chairs have straight legs however, Queen Anne chairs have curved legs. • Note: use a semi-colon as you would a period, but with two closely related ideas. • If you use a word like however (transitional word), you must precede it with a semi-colon and follow it with a comma

41. Add a conjunction • Coordinating conjunctions = FANBOYS • Elias Howe invented the sewing machine, Julia Ward Howe was a poet and social reformer.

42. Subordinating Conjunction or Relative Pronoun • Sub. Conj. (however, therefore, although, because) • Rel. Pronoun (that, who, which, what) • Stravinsky’s ballet The Rite of Spring shocked Parisians in 1913, its rhythms seemed erotic. • Lady Mary Wortley Montagu had suffered from smallpox herself, she helped spread the practice of inoculation

43. Practice • Please complete the handout I’ve given you. You may work with a partner.

44. Your Questions

45. Homework • Reading and Vocab quiz next week. • Hunger Games chapter 13-15 • “Hate Cannot be Tolerated” pg 198-200 • “Academic Bill of Rights” pg 201-205