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Inheritance and Survival

Inheritance and Survival. Populations Evolution. Learning objectives. To understand the factors that influence population size To appreciate the predator-prey relationship To know about the effects of an increasing human population To understand the principles of natural selection.

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Inheritance and Survival

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  1. Inheritance and Survival Populations Evolution

  2. Learning objectives • To understand the factors that influence population size • To appreciate the predator-prey relationship • To know about the effects of an increasing human population • To understand the principles of natural selection

  3. POPULATION SIZE

  4. Food POPULATION SIZE

  5. plenty of food Food POPULATION SIZE

  6. population grows plenty of food Food POPULATION SIZE

  7. population grows plenty of food food shortage Food POPULATION SIZE

  8. population grows plenty of food food shortage Food POPULATION SIZE population falls

  9. population grows plenty of food food shortage Food POPULATION SIZE population falls disease

  10. population grows plenty of food food shortage Food POPULATION SIZE population falls disease

  11. population grows plenty of food food shortage Food POPULATION SIZE population falls overcrowding disease

  12. population grows plenty of food food shortage Food POPULATION SIZE population falls overcrowding disease increased aggression

  13. population grows plenty of food food shortage Food POPULATION SIZE population falls overcrowding disease increased aggression

  14. population grows plenty of food food shortage Food POPULATION SIZE population falls overcrowding disease increased aggression What happens when we think about this issue with a view to humans? What effects have we had on disease and food shortage? Does this explain the continued existence of war?

  15. Predator – Prey Relationships • The hare and the lynx

  16. Hare and the Lynx

  17. Hare and the Lynx

  18. Hare and Lynx • Plot the information on the population sizes of the hare and the lynx onto a single graph to show the relationship between the populations of predator and prey.

  19. EFFECTS OF AN INCREASING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE

  20. increased food production EFFECTS OF AN INCREASING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE

  21. greater land use increased food production EFFECTS OF AN INCREASING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE

  22. increased need for fertiliser eutrophication greater land use increased food production EFFECTS OF AN INCREASING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE

  23. increased need for fertiliser eutrophication more factories greater land use increased food production EFFECTS OF AN INCREASING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE

  24. increased need for fertiliser eutrophication POLLUTION more factories greater land use increased food production EFFECTS OF AN INCREASING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE more housing

  25. increased need for fertiliser eutrophication POLLUTION more factories greater land use increased food production EFFECTS OF AN INCREASING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE more housing

  26. increased need for fertiliser eutrophication POLLUTION more factories greater land use increased food production EFFECTS OF AN INCREASING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE more housing need for mobility

  27. increased need for fertiliser eutrophication POLLUTION more factories greater land use increased food production EFFECTS OF AN INCREASING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE TRANSPORT more housing need for mobility

  28. increased need for fertiliser eutrophication POLLUTION more factories greater land use increased food production EFFECTS OF AN INCREASING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE TRANSPORT more housing need for mobility

  29. increased need for fertiliser eutrophication POLLUTION more factories greater land use increased food production EFFECTS OF AN INCREASING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE TRANSPORT more housing need for mobility

  30. increased need for fertiliser eutrophication POLLUTION more factories greater land use increased food production EFFECTS OF AN INCREASING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE TRANSPORT more housing need for mobility

  31. Natural selection The work of Charles Darwin

  32. In the predator-prey battle, what determines who survives? • Natural Selection • Survival of the fittest to REPRODUCE

  33. Individual work • Read page 38 of Further Science • Answer questions 1 to 4 off p38 • You have 15 minutes to do this!

  34. Evolution • Read through this sheet and stick it into your books!

  35. Evolution of the horse • A cut out and stick exercise!

  36. The Peppered Moth • This is an example of evolution in action! • Visit http://www.echalk.co.uk/Science/science.htm

  37. The Peppered Moth • Before the industrial revolution our environment was largely soot free. • Occasionally a “dark” form of the peppered moth appeared by mutation.

  38. The Peppered Moth • Birds prey on peppered moths • In a soot free habitat the light form was well camouflaged. • The dark form tended to be preyed upon

  39. The Peppered Moth • Industrial air pollution killed lichens and darkened tree trunks and walls • The dark moth was now better camouflaged. • The population turned from being mainly light to mainly dark.

  40. The Peppered Moth • Since the passage of the Clean Air Act in the 1950’s, industrial pollution has reduced and so the proportions of light and dark varieties has changed again.

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